Đề thi tiếng Anh phần đọc hiểu

NHA XUÃT BAN Đ Ạ I.fl8 c s ư PHAM

NGÔ VĂN MINH

(Trung tâm Biên soạn sách và Đào tạo chuyên Anh ngữ VFIRSTBOOK)

ĐÉTHI

TIÊNG ANH

PHẦN ĐỌC HIỂU

(Tốt nghiệp THPT và Đại học, Cao đẳng)

NHÀ XUẤT BẢN ĐẠI HỌC s ư PHẠM

Chịu trách nhiệm xuất bắn:

Giám đốc: ĐINH NGỌC BẢO

Tổng biên tập: ĐINH VẢN VANG

Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung và bản quyển:

TRUNG TÂM VÃN HÓA TRÀNG AN

Biên tập nội dung:

HỒMINHHẰNG

Kĩ thuật vi tính:

TRUNG TÂM VĂN HÓA TRÀNG AN

Trình bày bìa:

PHẠM HUỆ

ĐỂ THI TIẾNG ANH - PHẨN ĐỌC Hiểu

Má số: 02.02.933/1181.PT2012-95

In 1500 cuốn, khổ 16 X 24 cm, tại TT CN in - Cty Khảo sát và Xây dụng

Đăng kí KHXB số: 78-2012/CXB/933-43/ĐHSP ngày 13/1/2012.

In xong và nộp lưu chiểu quý n nam 2012

Jlừi nói đầu

Quý độc giả thân mến!

Để đáp lại niềm tin của quý độc giả dành cho sách Tiếng Anl

của tác giả Ngô Văn Minh trong thời gian qua, đổng thời đáp ứng nhi

cầu của bạn đọc trong việc ôn luyện thi tốt nghiệp THPT, thi tuyểi

sinh Đại học và Cao đẳng, tác giả tiếp tục nghiên cứu và biên soạĩ

cuốn sách "Để thi Tiếng Anh phẩn đọc hiểu” theo cấu trúc đề th

của Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo.

Trong các đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT, tuyển sinh CĐ, ĐH, phầi

đọc hiểu luôn chiếm từ 25 - 30 câu hỏi trong tổng số 80 câu hỏi. Đặ(

biệt, đây còn là phần mà các thí sinh thường gặp nhiều khó khăn nhã

trong quá trình làm bài. Có rất nhiều phương pháp để trau dổi kĩ nărụ

đọc hiểu, trong đó phương pháp bắt buộc đầu tiên và quan trọng nhẫ

đó là tích lũy kiến thức và giải đề thi.

Cuốn sách tổng hợp tất cả các đề thi đọc hiểu từ các đề thi tõ

nghiệp THPT, CĐ, ĐH của Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo từ năm 1996 đếi

năm 2011 (có phần giải thích từ vựng bên dưới), chúng tôi thiết ngh

cuốn sách sẽ là cơ sở quan trọng giúp các em tập trung rèn luyện sâi

hơn chuyên đề Đọc hiểu.

Để chặng đường ôn luyện và dự thi tốt nghiệp THPT, CĐ,

(nhất là với học sinh thi khối A1 - bắt đầu thực hiện từ kỳ tuyển slnl

năm 2012) của các em đạt kết quả cao, chúng tôi xin đưa ra một s<

lời khuyên:

- Thứ nhất, các em không nên giải nhanh một lần nhiều đề, m;

nên làm từ từ thật kĩ, có thể một ngày hoặc một tuần giải một đề (tù

theo thời gian biểu cá nhân) và sau đó làm đi làm lại ít nhất 3 lần.

- Thứ hai, các em hãy tự giải tất cả các câu hỏi của mỗi đề th

rồi sau đó mới đối chiếu đáp án.

- Thứ ba, các em nên có một cuốn sổ tay để ghi chú nhữm

điều cần chú ý về dạng bài, cấu trúc câu, từ vựng,... của mỗi đề sai

khi đã làm xong để ghi nhớ.

- Thứ tư, để tổng hợp và nắm thật vững những kiến thức cầi

thiết, sau khi làm xong các đề, các em cần ôn lại những điều đã

trong sổ tay nói trên, sau đó gấp sổ lại, để nghiền ngẫm suy nghĩ v<

tất cả những gì đã tiếp thu được.

Nếu các em tập trung giải kĩ các đề thi trong cuốn sách này cùng

với việc thực hiện theo những phương pháp mà chúng tôi hướng dẫn,

chắc chắn các em sẽ có một số kĩ năng nhất định về đọc hiểu phục vụ

cho kì thi tốt nghiệp THPT, CĐ, ĐH sắp tới.

Do còn những hạn chế, chúng tôi có thể đã mắc phải những

thiếu sót trong quá trình biên soạn sách. Rất mong nhận được ý

kiến đóng góp xây dựng từ phía độc giả để những lần tái bản sau

cuốn sách được hoàn thiện hơn.

Mọi ý kiến đóng góp của quỷ độc giả, xin gửi qua địa chỉ:

TRUNG TÂM VẢN HỒA TRÀNG AN

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ĐT: 0462841326; 0912344084; 0983689887

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Hoặc:

Thầy giáo NGỔ VĂN MINH (ĐT: 0962365311)

Website: www.mitnapha.edu.vn

Email: [email protected]

Thay mặt Ban biên soạn

NGÔ VẢN MINH

Phần I

READING COMPREHENSION

BÀI1

B ộ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO ĐỀ THI TUYÈN SINH ĐẠI HỌC

ĐÈ CHÍNH THỨC NĂM 2011

Mã đề thi 195

Read the following passage adapted from A. Briggs’ article on culture

Microsoft Student 2008, and mark the letter A, B, c , or D on your answe

sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 45.

Culture is a word in common use with complex meanings, and i

derived, like the term broadcasting, from the treatment and care of the soil am

of what grows on it. It is directly related to cultivation and the adjective

cultural and cultured are part of the same verbal complex. A person of cultur

has identifiable attributes, among them a knowledge of and interest in the arts

literature, and music. Yet the word culture does not refer solely to sue]

th

knowledge and interest nor, indeed, to education. At least from the 19 centur

onwards, under the influence of anthropologists and sociologists, the won

culture has come to be used generally both in the singular and the plura

(cultures) to refer to a whole way of life of people, including their customs

laws, conventions, and values.

Distinctions have consequently been drawn between primitive am

advanced culture and cultures, between elite and popular culture, betweei

popular and mass culture, and most recently between national and globa

cultures. Distinctions have been drawn too between culture and civilization; th

latter is a word derived not, like culture or agriculture, from the soil, but fron

the city. The two words are sometimes treated as synonymous. Yet this i

misleading. While civilization and barbarism are pitted against each other ii

what seems to be a perpetual behavioural pattern, the use of the word cultur

. th

has been strongly influenced by conceptions of evolution in the 19 century am

th

of development in the 20 century. Cultures evolve or develop. They are nc

static. They have twists and turns. Styles change. So do fashions. There ar

cultural processes. What, for example, the word cultured means has change

substantially since the study of classical (that is, Greek and Roman) literature

lilosophy, and history ceased in the 20 century to be central to school and

liversity education. No single alternative focus emerged, although with

mputers has come electronic culture, affecting kinds of study, and most

:ently digital culture. As cultures express themselves in new forms not

erything gets better or more civilized.

The multiplicity of meanings attached to the word made and will make it

Ficult to define. There is no single, unproblematic definition, although many

empts have been made to establish one. The only non-problematic definitions go

ck to agricultural meaning (for example, cereal culture or strawberry culture)

d medical meaning (for example, bacterial culture or penicillin culture). Since in

thropology and sociology we also acknowledge culture clashes, culture shock,

i counter-culture, the range of reference is extremely wide,

lestion 36: According to the passage, the word culture............

A. is related to the preparation and use of land for farming

B. comes from a source that has not been identified

c . develops from Greek and Roman literature and history

D. derives from the same root as civilization does

lestion 37: It is stated in paragraph 1 that a cultured person............

A. has a job related to cultivation

B. does a job relevant to education

c . takes care of the soil and what grows on it

D. has knowledge of arts, literature, and music

lestion 38: The author remarks that culture and civilization are the two

irds th at............

A. share the same word formation pattern

B. have nearly the same meaning

c . are both related to agriculture and cultivation

D. do not develop from the same meaning

lb

jestion 39: It can be inferred from the passage that since the 20

ntury..............

A. schools and universities have not taught classical literature, philosophy,

and history

B. classical literature, philosophy, and history have been considered as

core subjects

c . classical literature, philosophy, and history have not been taught as

compulsory subjects

D. all schools and universities have taught classical literature, philosophy,

and history

uestion 40: The word “attributes” in p arag rap h 1 m ost likely

eans............

A. fields B. qualities c . aspects D. skills

Question 41: The word “static” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by

« »

A. unchanged B. balanced c . regular D. dense

Question 42: Which of the following is NOT stated in the passage?

A. Anthropology and sociology have tried to limit the references to culture.

B. Distinctions have been drawn between culture and civilization.

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c . The use of the word culture has been changed since the 19 century.

D. The word culture can be used to refer to a whole way of life of people.

Question 43: It is difficult to give the definitions of the word culture

EXCEPT for its...........

A. agricultural and medical meanings

B. philosophical and historical meanings

c . historical and figurative meanings

D. sociological and anthropological meanings

Question 44: Which of the following is NOT true about the word culture?

A. It differs from the word civilization.

B. It evolves from agriculture.

c . Its use has been considerably changed.

D. It is a word that cannot be defined.

Question 45: The passage mainly discusses...........

A. the multiplicity of meanings of the word culture

B. the distinction between culture and civilization

c . the figurative meanings of the word culture

D. the derivatives of the word culture

HƯỚNG DÂN HỌC

- derive: nhận được từ, rút ra được từ (cái gì)

- broadcasting: việc phát các chưcmg trình trên truyền thanh và truyền hình

- counter - culture: phản văn hoá

- verbal: bằng lời nói, bằng miệng

- complex: phức tạp, phức cảm, mặc cảm

- identifiable: có thể nhận ra, có thể nhận biết

- solely: đơn độc, chỉ có

- onward: hướng tới, trở đi

- influence: sự ảnh hưởng, tác động

- anthropologist: nhà nhân loại học

• sociologists: nhà xã hội học

- convention: hội nghị, quy ước, tập quán

- distinction: sự khác biệt hoặc tương phản giữa người/ vật này với

người/ vật kia

- consequently: do đó, vì vậy, bởi vậy, cho nên

- primitive: nguyên thủy, ban sơ

1

- elite: nhóm người trong xã hội được xem là tinh túy nhất, quan trọrx

nhất bởi quyền lực, tài năng hoặc sự giàu có của họ

- latter: sau cùng, gần đây, gần cuối một thời kì

- synonymous: đồng nghĩa

- misleading: đem lại những ý nghĩ (ấn tượng) sai, lừa dối

- civilization: nền văn minh, sự khai hóa

- barbarism: tình trạng dã man, thiếu giáo dục, hành vi độc ác, điẽn cuồng

-p it: đấu (chống lại ai/ cái gì, đọ sức với ai/ cái gì)

- perpetual: vĩnh viễn, bất diệt

- behavioural: thuộc về cách cư xử

- static: tĩnh, tĩnh tại; không chuyển động, không thay đổi

- substantially: về thực chất, về căn bản

- philosophy: triết học; triết lí

- alternative: thay đổi nhau, luân phiên

- emerge: nổi bật lên, rõ nét lên; nổi lên

- digital: (thuộc) con số, biểu thị bằng số lượng

- multiplicity: vô số

- attach: gắn bó, tham gia

- define: định nghĩa, nói rõ, định rõ

- definition: sự định nghĩa, xác định

- straw berry: quả dâu tây

- bacterial: do vi khuẩn

- penicillin: một loại thuốc chữa bệnh do vi khuẩn gây ra

- anthropology: nhân loại học

- sociology: xã hội học

- acknowledge: công nhận, thừa nhận

- clash: sự xung đột, va chạm

- cultivation: sự canh tác

Your answers:

1.................. 37.................. 38.................. 39.................. 40...................

... ..... 42................... 43.................. 44.................. 45...................

Read the following passage adapted from Cultural Guide - OALD,

!d mark the letter A, B, c , or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct

tswer to each o f the questions from 71 to 80.

The issue of equality for women in British society first attracted national

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:ention in the early 20 century, when the suffragettes won for women the

ịht to vote. In the 1960s feminism became the subject of intense debate when

e women's liberation movement encouraged women to reject their traditional

pporting role and to demand equal status and equal rights with men in areas

ch as employment and pay.

Since then, the gender gap between the sexes has been reduced. The Equal

Pay Act of 1970, for instance, made it illegal for women to be paid less than men

for doing the same work, and in 1975 the Sex Discrimination Act aimed to

prevent either sex having an unfaừ advantage when applying for jobs. In the

same year the Equal Opportunities Commission was set up to help people claim

their rights to equal treatment and to publish research and statistics to show

where improvements in opportunities for women need to be made. Women now

have much better employment opportunities, though they still tend to get less

well-paid jobs than men, and very few are appointed to top jobs in industry.

In the US the movement that is often called the “first wave of feminism”

began in the mid 1800s. Susan B. Anthony worked for the right to vote, Margaret

Sanger wanted to provide women with the means of contraception so that they

could decide whether or not to have children, and Elizabeth Blackwell, who had to

fight for the chance to become a doctor, wanted women to have greater

opportunities to study. Many feminists were interested in other social issues.

The second wave of feminism began in the 1960s. Women like Betty

Friedan and Gloria Steinem became associated with the fight to get equal rights

and opportunities for women under the law. An important issue was the Equal

Rights Amendment (ERA), which was intended to change the Constitution.

Although the ERA was not passed, there was progress in other areas. It became

illegal for employers, schools, clubs, etc. to discriminate against women. But

women still find it hard to advance beyond a certain point in their careers, the

so-called glass ceiling that prevents them from having high-level jobs. Many

women also face the problem of the second shift, i.e. the household chores.

In the 1980s, feminism became less popular in the u s and there was less

interest in solving the remaining problems, such as the fact that most women

still earn much less than men. Although there is still discrimination, the

principle that it should not exist is widely accepted.

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Question 71: It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that in the 19

century,...........

A. British women did not have the right to vote in political elections

B. most women did not wish to have equal status and equal rights

c . British women did not complete their traditional supporting role

D. suffragettes fought for the equal employment and equal pay

Question 72: The phrase “gender gap” in paragraph 2 refers to...........

A. the social distance between the two sexes

B. the difference in status between men and women

c . the visible space between men and women

D. the social relationship between the two sexes

Question 73: Susan B. Anthony, Margaret Sanger, and Elizabeth

Blackwell are mentioned as...........

A. American women who had greater opportunities

B. American women who were more successful than men

9

c . pioneers in the fight for American women’s rights

D. American women with exceptional abilities

Question 74: The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)............

A. supported employers, schools and clubs

B. was brought into force in the 1960s

c . was not officially approved

D. changed the u s Constitution

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Question 75: In the late 20 century, some information about feminism in

Britain was issued by............

A. the Equal Pay Act of 1970

B. the Sex Discrimination Act

c . the Equal Opportunities Commission

D. the Equal Rights Amendment

Question 76: Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. The US movement of feminism became the most popular in the late

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20 century.

B. The women’s liberation movement in the world first began in Britain,

c . The movement of feminism began in the u s earlier than in Britain.

D. The British government passed laws to support women in the early

Ih

20 century.

Question 77: The phrase “glass ceiling” in paragraph 4 mostly means............

A. an overlooked problem B. a ceiling made of glass

c . an imaginary barrier D. a transparent frame

Question 78: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Many American women still face the problem of household chores.

B. An American woman once had to fight for the chance to become a doctor,

c . British women now have much better employment opportunities.

D. There is now no sex discrimination in Britain and in the u s.

Question 79: It can be inferred from the passage that............

A. the belief that sex discrimination should not exist is not popular in the u s

B. women in Britain and the u s still fight for theừ equal status and equal rights

c . the British government did not approve of the women’s liberation movement

D. women do not have better employment opportunities despite their

great efforts

Question 80: Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Women and the Right to Vote

B. Opportunities for Women Nowadays

c . The Suffragettes in British Society

D. Feminism in Britain and the u s

10

HƯỚNG DẪN HỌC

• equality: tính ngang bằng, sự bình đẳng

- suffragette: bỏ phiếu

- intense: mạnh, có cường độ lớn, sôi nổi

- debate: cuộc tranh luận, thảo luận

- reject: bác bỏ, loại ra

- status: tình trạng

- illegal: không hợp pháp, trái luật

- aim: nhằm mục đích, ám chỉ

- unfair: bất công

- claim: sự đòi hỏi, yêu sách

- research: nghiên cứu

- statistics: môn thống kê, sự thống kê

- feminism: thuyết nam nữ bình quyền

- vote: quyền bỏ phiếu

- contraception: sự tránh thụ thai

- feminists: những người ủng hộ thuyết nam nữ bình quyền

- issue: phát hành, ban bố, cấp phát

- associate: liên hợp, cộng tác

- progress: sự tiến bộ, tiến triển

- accepted: được chấp nhận

- remain: còn lại, ở lại chỗ cũ, ở lại

- principle: nguồn gốc, nguyên tắc, nguyên lí, quy tắc

- exist: tồn tại

- discriminate: phân biệt, tách bạch ra, phân biệt đối xử

Your answers:

71................. 72................. 73................. 74................. 75.

76................. 77................. 78................. 79................. 80.

BÀI 2

ĐỀ THI TUYÊN SINH CAO ĐẢNG NĂM 2011

Mã đề thỉ 475

Read the following passage taken from Building skills fo r the TOEFL

IBT - Advanced by Linda Robinson Fellag, and mark the letter A, B, c, or D

on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

from 61 to 70.

11

MICKEY MANTLE

Mickey Mantle was one of the greatest baseball players of all time. He

layed for the New York Yankees in their years of glory. From the time Mantle

ỉgan to play professionally in 1951 to his last year in 1968, baseball was the

lost popular game in the United States. For many people, Mantle symbolized

le hope, prosperity, and confidence of America at that time.

Mantle was a fast and powerful player, a “switch-hitter” who could bat

Dth right-handed and left-handed. He won game after game, one Would Series

lampionship after another, for his team. He was a wonderful athlete, but this

one cannot explain America’s fascination with him.

Perhaps it was because he was a handsome, red-haừed country boy, the

)n of a poor miner from Oklahoma. His career, from the lead mines of the

test to the heights of success and fame, was a fairy-tale version of the

merican dream. Or perhaps it was because America always loves a “natural”:

person who wins without seeming to try, whose talent appears to come from

1 inner grace. That was Mickey Mantle.

But like many celebrities, Mickey Mantle had a private life that was full of

oblems. He played without complaint despite constant pain from injuries. He

ved to fulfill his father’s dreams and drank to forget his father’s early death.

It was a terrible addiction that finally destroyed his body. It gave him

ưhosis of the liver and accelerated the advance of liver cancer. Even when

[ickey Mantle had turned away from his old life and warned young people not

I follow his example, the destructive process could not be stopped recovery,

lickey Mantle died of cancer at the age of 63.

question 61: What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Mickey Mantle as the greatest baseball player of all time

B. Mickey Mantle’s success and private life full of problems

c . Mickey Mantle and his career as a baseball player

D. Mickey Mantle and the history of baseball

uestion 62: It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that Mantle............

A. played for New York Yankees all his life

B. had to try hard to be a professional player

c . earned a lot of money from baseball

D. introduced baseball into the u s

uestion 63: According to the passage, Mantle could............

A. hit with the bat on either side of his body

B. bat better with his left hand with his right hand

c . hit the ball to score from a long distance

D. give the most powerful hit in his team

2