Contribution Of Ntf Ps To Livelihood Of Local People Case Study Of Hoa Binh Province

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost I offer my sincerest gratitude to my supervisor, PhD. Le Dinh Hai

for his patience, motivation, and immense knowledge. His guidance helped me in all the time

of research and writing of this thesis. I could not have imagined having a better supervisor

and mentor for my thesis. Besides, I also thanks to Faculty of forestry and Environmental

Management, VietNam Forestry University for the support of my study and related research.

My sincere thanks also to all of the representatives of the state agencies in Thuong

Tien commune, Kim Boi district, Hoa Binh province, who fully co-operated in the collection

of information.

Last but not least, I would like to thank my parents and my friends for supporting me,

without their support this report would have been impossible.

Despite all efforts to make to make the study free from errors, there may be errors still

left unnoticed for what the researcher take all the responsibilities personally. I am very glad

to receive suggestions from teachers to make my thesis better.

I sincerely pay my thanks to them!

Hanoi, October 2015

Student

Le Duc Tung

TABLE OF CONTENT

Chapter 1. Introduction ..............................................................................................................1

1.1. Background to study ...........................................................................................................1

1.2. Research objectives............................................................................................................2

1.2.1. Goal..................................................................................................................................2

1.2.2. Specific objectives...........................................................................................................2

Chapter 2. Literature Review and Theoretical Framework .......................................................3

2.1. Key relevant concepts.........................................................................................................3

2.1.1. Defining NTFPs...............................................................................................................3

2.1.2. Defining Livelihoods.......................................................................................................5

2.2. Links between NTFPs and livelihoods...............................................................................6

2.2.1. Income from NTFPs ........................................................................................................6

2.2.2. The contribution of NTFPs to subsistence income of household ....................................9

2.3. NTFP values and valuation...............................................................................................11

2.3.1. NTFP values...................................................................................................................11

2.3.2. Valuation techniques for NTFPs....................................................................................13

2.3.3. The Indirect Opportunity Cost (IOC) method and estimation of NTFP extraction value. .....15

Chapter 3. Research Methodology...........................................................................................17

3.1. Study scope .......................................................................................................................17

3.1.1. Content...........................................................................................................................17

3.1.2. Time ...............................................................................................................................17

3.1.3. Method to choose location for studies...........................................................................17

3.2. Overview of research site..................................................................................................18

3.2.1. Biophysical characteristics.............................................................................................18

3.3. Land use ............................................................................................................................19

3.4. Forest resources and its utilization....................................................................................19

3.5. Research methodology......................................................................................................19

3.5.1. Methods of data collection.............................................................................................19

3.5.2. Data analyses .................................................................................................................21

Chapter 4. Results and Discussion...........................................................................................23

4.1. NTFPs and livelihoods of forest-dependent people in Thuong Tien commune ...............23

4.1.1. Proportion of households extracted NTFPs in Thuong Tien commune ........................23

4.1.2. Indirect value of NTFPs extraction................................................................................24

4.1.3. Direct value of NTFPs - contribution to case income of household..............................25

4.1.4. NTFPs contribute significantly to the livelihoods of forest-dependent people .............28

4.2. Attitude and reaction of local people to NTFPs................................................................28

Chapter 5. Conclusion and recommendations .........................................................................32

5.1. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................32

5.2. Recommendations.............................................................................................................32

REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................33

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1. Overview of categorized NTFPs...............................................................................4

Table 2.2. Forest outputs and rural livelihoods..........................................................................8

Table 2.3. NTFP values and valuation techniques...................................................................14

Table 3.1. Land-use situation of Thuong Tien commune (2014) ............................................19

Table 3.2. Sampling design in Thuong Tien commune ...........................................................21

Table 4.1. Characteristics of surveyed households by villages ...............................................23

Table 4.2. Proportion of households collecting NTFPs at village level ..................................23

Table 4.3. Calculation of annual economic value of NTFP extraction per household ............25

Table 4.4. Descriptive of cash income structure of total surveyed households (n=60)...........26

Table 4.5. Cash income sources by villages............................................................................27

Table 4.6. Reaction of different types of household in the case that government would not

allow households to collect NTFPs in natural forests managed bycommune .........................29

Table 4.7. Reaction of different types of household in the case that income working

elsewhere that is greater than the income you receive from NTFPs would you no longer

collect NTFPs...........................................................................................................................31

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 2.1. DFID‟s sustainable livelihood framework ..............................................................6

Figure 2.2. A conceptual framework of the relationship between NTFPs and household

livelihood ...................................................................................................................................7

Figure 3.1. The IOC method for calculating extraction value of NTFPs ................................22

Figure 4.1. Cash income structure on average of households in Thuong Tien commune.......26

Figure 4.2. Cash income share on average of households in Bai Rong and Luon village.......28