Công nghệ mạng truyền dẫn thế hệ mới ip/wdm

Bé gi¸o dôc vµ ®µo t¹o

Tr−êng ®¹i häc b¸ch khoa hµ néi

--------------------------------------------

luËn v¨n th¹c sÜ khoa häc

c«ng nghÖ m¹ng truyÒn dÉn thÕ hÖ míi

IP/WDM

ngµnh: xö lý th«ng tin vµ truyÒn th«ng

M∙ sè:

tiªu xu©n hïng

Ng−êi h−íng dÉn khoa häc: PGS -TS. §Æng v¨n chuyÕt

hµ néi 2006

Lêi cam ®oan

Em xin cam ®oan luËn v¨n nµy lµ c«ng tr×nh nghiªn cøu cña chÝnh b¶n

th©n. C¸c nghiªn cøu trong luËn v¨n nµy dùa trªn nh÷ng tæng hîp lý thuyÕt

vµ hiÓu biÕt thùc tÕ cña em, kh«ng sao chÐp.

T¸c gi¶ luËn v¨n

Tiªu Xu©n Hïng

- -

I

Môc lôc

Môc lôc ..............................................................................................................................I

ThuËt ng÷ viÕt t¾t ....................................................................................................IV

danh môc c¸c h×nh vÏ .......................................................................................... VIII

më ®Çu ...............................................................................................................................1

Ch−¬ng 1: giíi thiÖu vÒ m¹ng truyÒn dÉn thÕ hÖ míi hiÖn nay vµ

xu h−íng ph¸t triÓn .................................................................................................2

1.1 Giíi thiÖu chung .......................................................................................... 2

1.2 CÊu tróc m¹ng thÕ thÖ míi hiÖn nay ........................................................... 2

1.3. Líp truyÒn dÉn vµ truy nhËp hiÖn nay ....................................................... 3

1.3.1 PhÇn truyÒn dÉn:................................................................................. 3

1.3.2. PhÇn truy nhËp: ................................................................................. 4

1.4 C¸c c«ng nghÖ sö dông cho m¹ng thÕ hÖ míi hiÖn nay. ............................. 5

1.4.1. C«ng nghÖ IP...................................................................................... 5

1.4.2. C«ng nghÖ ATM ................................................................................. 7

1.4.3. C«ng nghÖ IP / ATM .......................................................................... 8

1.4.4. MPLS................................................................................................ 10

1.4.5 GhÐp kªnh ph©n chia theo b−íc sãng WDM vµ DWDM................... 11

1.5 Xu h−íng tÝch hîp IP/quang trong m¹ng NGN. ........................................ 12

Ch−¬ng 2: M¹ng IP/WDM............................................................................................14

2.1 Giíi thiÖu m¹ng IP/WDM.......................................................................... 14

2.1.1 Giíi thiÖu m¹ng quang WDM ........................................................... 14

2.1.2 M¹ng IP/WDM.................................................................................. 16

2.2 C¸c kiÕn tróc m¹ng IP/WDM................................................................... 18

2.2.1 C¸c kiÓu kiÕn tróc m¹ng.................................................................... 18

2.2.1.1 M¹ng IP/ WDM §iÓm-§iÓm.................................................... 19

2.2.1.2 M¹ng IP/WDM cã kh¶ n¨ng cÊu h×nh l¹i................................ 19

2.2.1.3 M¹ng IP/WDM cã kh¶ n¨ng chuyÓn m¹ch ............................... 20

- -

II

2.2.2 C¸c m« h×nh liªn kÕt m¹ng IP/WDM ................................................ 24

2.2.2.1 IP/ WDM cã thÓ cÊu h×nh. ....................................................... 24

2.2.2.2 IP/WDM cã kh¶ n¨ng chuyÓn m¹ch ......................................... 28

2-3 KÕt luËn..................................................................................................... 32

Ch−¬ng 3: §iÒu khiÓn m¹ng trong m¹ng IP /WDM.......................................34

3.1 §Þa chØ m¹ng IP/WDM.............................................................................. 36

3.2 NhËn biÕt topo m¹ng................................................................................. 39

3.3 §Þnh tuyÕn IP/WDM.................................................................................. 41

3.3.1 X©y dùng vµ duy tr× c¬ së th«ng tin ®Þnh tuyÕn OSPF ...................... 41

3.3.2 TÝnh to¸n ®−êng ®i vµ nh÷ng rµng buéc chuyÓn m¹ch WDM. ........ 43

3.3.3 Ho¹t ®éng ®Þnh tuyÕn........................................................................ 46

3.4 B¸o hiÖu trong m¹ng IP/WDM.................................................................. 48

3.4.1 Kh¸i niÖm RSVP ................................................................................ 48

3.4.2 RSVP trong m¹ng quang ................................................................... 51

3.4.3 KiÕn tróc triÓn khai RSVP ................................................................. 52

3.4.4 B¶n tin RSVP trong m¹ng quang....................................................... 53

3.4.5 C¬ chÕ ph¸t nh·n lai cho m¹ng quang (Hybrid Label) .................... 57

3.5 GMPLS (Generalized-Multiprotocol Label Switching)........................... 60

3.6 Phôc håi IP/WDM..................................................................................... 62

3.6.1 Tr−êng hîp cã dù phßng:.................................................................. 67

3.6.2 Tr−êng hîp phôc håi:........................................................................ 69

3.7 §iÒu khiÓn m¹ng liªn miÒn: ...................................................................... 71

3.7.1 §é kh¶ dông vµ kh¶ n¨ng ®Õn ®Ých cña m¹ng IP/WDM................... 73

3.7.2 Trao ®æi th«ng tin ®Þnh tuyÕn liªn miÒn: .......................................... 76

3.8. KÕt luËn vÒ ®iÒu khiÓn trong m¹ng IP/WDM ........................................... 81

Ch−¬ng 4:Kü thuËt ®iÒu khiÓn l−u l−îng trong m¹ng IP/WDM .........82

4.1 Ph−¬ng ph¸p vµ m« h×nh........................................................................... 82

- -

III

4-2 §iÒu khiÓn l−u l−îng m¹ng IP/WDM theo m« h×nh chång lÊn................. 83

4-3 §iÒu khiÓn l−u l−îng m¹ng IP/WDM tÝch hîp ........................................ 86

4.3.1 Kü thuËt ®iÒu khiÓn l−u l−îng- ®Þnh tuyÕn tÝch hîp.......................... 87

4.3.2 Kh¸i niÖm liªn kÕt ¶o ........................................................................ 88

4.3.3 ThuËt to¸n ®Þnh tuyÕn tÝch hîp:........................................................ 89

Ch−¬ng 5: ph¸t triÓn m¹ng truyÒn dÉn thÕ hÖ míi t¹i ViÖt Nam .92

5.1. C¸c c«ng nghÖ ®ang ®−îc sö dông cho m¹ng truyÒn dÉn thÕ hÖ míi t¹i

ViÖt Nam.......................................................................................................... 92

5.1.1 M¹ng IP/ATM/SDH/WDM:............................................................... 92

5.1.2 M¹ng IP/POS (Packet over Sonet)/WDM :....................................... 93

5.1.3 M¹ng IP/WDM ®iÓm-®iÓm:............................................................... 94

5.1.4 TriÓn khai m¹ng NGN cña VNPT..................................................... 94

5.2 Kh¶ n¨ng øng dông lý thuyÕt IP/WDM vµo m¹ng viÔn th«ng................... 95

5.3 §Ò xuÊt øng dông m¹ng IP/WDM cho m¹ng thÕ hÖ míi cña VNPT trong

t−¬ng lai........................................................................................................... 99

5.4 KÕt luËn vÒ triÓn khai m¹ng truyÒn dÉn thÕ hÖ míi ............................... 100

KÕt luËn........................................................................................................................102

tµi liÖu tham kh¶o .................................................................................................103

Tãm t¾t luËn v¨n ....................................................................................................104

- -

IV

ThuËt ng÷ viÕt t¾t

ADM

ADSL

API

APS

ARP

AS

ATM

BASE

BE

BER

BGMP

BGP

CDMA

CLI

DCC

DCN

DEMUX

Diffserv

DLC

DLCI

DM

DNS

DSL

DWDM

EBGP

EGP

Add/Drop Multiplexer

Asymmetrical Digital Subcriber Line

Application Programme Interface

Automatic Protection Switching

Address Resolution Protocol

Autonomous System

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Baseband

Best Effort

Bit Error Rate

Border Gateway Multicast Protocol

Border Gateway Protocol

Code Division Multiple Access

Command Line Interface

Data Communication Chanel

Data Communication Network

Demultiplexer

Differentiated Service

Digital Loop Carrier

Datalink Connection Identifier

Domain Manager

Domain Name System

Digital Sucriber Line

Dense Wavelength Divison Mutiplexing

Exterior Border Gateway Protocol

Exterior Gateway Protocol

- -

V

EMS

FDM

FEC

FIFO

FTP

GbE

GMPLS

HDLC

HTML

HTTP

IAB

IBGP

ICMP

ID

IDMR

IDRP

IETF

IGMP

IGP

Intserv

IPng

IpSec

IPv4

ISDN

IS-IS

ISP

LAN

Element Management System

Frequency Divison Multiplexing

Forward Error Correction

Firt In Firt Out

File Tranfer Protocol

Gigabit Ethernet

Generalised Multiprotocol Label Switching

High Level Data Link Control

Hypertext Marup Langugage

Hypertext Tranfer Protocol

Internet Architecture Board

Interior Border Gateway Protocol

Interior Control Message Protocol

Identifier

Interdomain Multicast Routing

Interdomain Routing Protocol

Internet Engineering Management Protocol

Internet Group Management Protocol

Interior Gateway Protocol

Intergrated Service

IP Next Generation

IP Security

Internet Protocol Vesion 4

Intergrated Service Digital Network

Intermediate System to Intermediate System routing

protocol

InternetService Provider

Local Area Network

- -

VI

LBS

LDP

LIB

LMP

LSA

LSP

LSR

LSU

LTE

MAC

MIB

MPλS

MPLS

NE

NGN

NMS

NNI

OADM

OAM

OBS

OLS

OLSR

OPR

OSPF

OXC

PON

POS

PPP

Label-Based Switching

Label Distribution Protocol

Label Information Base

Link Management Protocol

Link State Advertisement

Label Switched Path

Label Switched Router

Link State Update

Link Terminating Equipment

Media Access Control

Management Information Base

Multiprotocol Lambda Switching

Multiprotocol Label Switching

Network Element

Next Generation Network

Network Management System

Network to Network Interface

Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer

Operations and Maintenance

Optical Burst Switching

Optical Label Switching

Optical Label Switching Router

Optical Packet Router

Open Short Path First

Optical Cross Connect

Passive Optical Network

Packet Over Sonet

Point to Point Protocol

- -

VII

QoS

RIP

RSpec

RSVP

RTP

SDH

SMTP

SNMP

SPF

SRLG

SS7

TE

TNM

TTL

UDP

UNI

VPN

WADM

WAMP

WAN

WDM

Quality of Service

Routing Information Protocol

Resource Specification

Resource Revervation Protocol

Real time Transport Protocol

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

Simple Mail Tranfer Protocol

Simple Network Management Protocol

Short Path First

Shared Risk Link Group

Signaling System No 7

Traffic Engineering

Telecommunication Management Network

Time to Live

User Datagram Protocol

User Network Interface

Vitural Private Network

Wavelength Add/Drop Multiplexer

Wavelength Amplifier

Wide Area Network

Wavelength Division Multiplexing

- -

VIII

danh môc c¸c h×nh vÏ

H×nh 1-1: Xu h−íng tÝch hîp c¸c líp giao thøc IP/quang............................... 12

H×nh 2-1: TiÕn tr×nh ph¸t triÓn m¹ng WDM ................................................... 16

H×nh 2-2: TruyÒn dÉn gãi tin trªn c¸c b−íc sãng ........................................... 17

H×nh 2-3: ChuyÓn m¹ch chïm quang.............................................................. 21

H×nh 2-4: ChuyÓn m¹ch gãi quang ................................................................. 22

H×nh 2-5: IP qua m¹ng chuyÓn m¹ch WDM................................................... 23

H×nh 2-6: M« h×nh ®iÒu khiÓn NMS chång lÊn............................................... 25

H×nh 2-7: M« h×nh ®iÒu khiÓn gia t¨ng........................................................... 26

H×nh 2-8: M« h×nh ®iÒu khiÓn ngang hµng ..................................................... 27

H×nh 2-9: M¹ng IP over OLSR........................................................................ 29

H×nh 2-10: M¹ng IP over OPR ....................................................................... 32

H×nh 3-1:§iÒu khiÓn l−u l−îng vµ ®iÓn khiÓn m¹ng IP/WDM........................ 34

H×nh 3-2: C¬ chÕ flooding OSPF.................................................................... 42

H×nh 3-3: Vßng lÆp ®Þnh tuyÕn........................................................................ 46

H×nh 3-4: RSVP cho m¹ng quang WDM......................................................... 51

H×nh 3-5: KiÕn tróc phÇn mÒm RSVP ............................................................. 52

H×nh 3-6: §Þnh d¹ng b¶n tin PATH ®èi t−îng yªu cÇu nh·n ......................... 54

H×nh 3-7: §Þnh d¹ng b¶n tin PATH ®èi t−îng yªu cÇu nh·n cho thiÕt lËp

®−êng ®i vµ cÊp ph¸t b−íc sãng néi bé........................................................... 54

H×nh 3-8: §Þnh d¹ng b¶n tin RESV ®èi t−îng nh·n........................................ 57

H×nh 3-9: Phôc håi m¹ng IP/ WDM ............................................................... 63

H×nh 3-10: Dù phßng lightpath vµ dù phßng liªn kÕt ..................................... 68

H×nh 3-11: Phôc håi m¹ng vµ phôc håi ph©n ®o¹n con ................................. 70

H×nh 3-12: §iÒu khiÓn liªn miÒn IP/WDM ..................................................... 71

H×nh 4-1 M« h×nh m¹ng chång lÊn ................................................................. 84

- -

IX

H×nh 4-2: VÝ dô vÒ ®Þnh tuyÕn IP kh«ng lùa chän link cung cÊp bëi m¹ng

WDM ............................................................................................................... 85

H×nh 4-3:M« h×nh ngang hµng- §iÒu khiÓn l−u l−îng tÝch hîp...................... 86

H×nh 4-4: CÊu tróc node ®Þnh tuyÕn tÝch hîp ................................................ 87

H×nh 4-5: VÝ dô m¹ng víi c¸c liªn kÕt ¶o........................................................ 89

H×nh 5-1: M¹ng IP/POS (Packet over Sonet)/WDM....................................... 93

H×nh 5.2 - M« h×nh m¹ng NGN cña VNPT .................................................... 95

H×nh 5-3: §Ò xuÊt øng dông m¹ng IP/WDM cho m¹ng thÕ hÖ míi cña VNPT

......................................................................................................................... 99

H×nh 5-4: TiÕn tr×nh ph¸t triÓn m¹ng IP/WDM ............................................ 101

H×nh 5-5: TiÕn tr×nh ph¸t triÓn m¹ng IP/WDM cña Siemens ....................... 101