Chức năng tư vấn của Tòa Công lý quốc tế và gợi mở cho Việt Nam

CHlTC NANG Tir VAN CUA TOA CONG LY QUOC TE VA

GOI Md CHO VIET NAM

Nguyen Tien Due

Bo Qui Hoang*

Tom tat: Edi viet phdn tich cdc khia canh phdp ly trong chirc ndng tir vdn cita

Tod Cong ly quoc te, bao gom chu the co quyen yeu cdu xin tu vdn. npi dung phdp ly

yeu cdu tu vdn. quyen quyet dinh cua Tod trong trd lai tu vdn. vd gid tri phdp ly cua y

kien tu van: qua do, dua ra mpt so goi ma cho Viet Nam khi van dung ca che ndy

nhdm gidi quyet hod binh tranh chdp quoc te, dac biet Id yeu sdch tranh chdp tgi khu

vuc Bien Dong.

Abstract: The paper examines legal aspects of advisory function of the

International Court of Justice, including: bodies authorized to request an advisory

opinion, legal question, discretion of the Court, and legal effect of the advisory opinion.

Thereby, several challenges regarding the application of this mechanism are identified.

Finally, a number of implications for Viet Nam will be made in respect of peaceful

settlement of international disputes, particularly territorial dispute over the South China

Sea (East Sea of Viet Nam).

K

hoan 3 Dieu 2 Hien chuang Lien

hpp quoc (LHQ) nghiem cam cac

quoc gia sir dyng vu lyc hoac de doa sir

dung vu luc de giai quyet nhimg bat d6ng

phat sinh trong quan he quoc te'. Tren ca so

do, khoan 5 Dieu 33 Hien chuang liet ke

nhung khong gidi ban cac phucmg thirc ma

quoc gia CO the \ien dan de giai quylt Uanh

chap, trong do co dam phan, thim ya, trung

gian, hoa giai, ypng tai va toa an. Ben canh

ThS.. Vien Nha nude va Phap luat

ThS . Truong Dai hoc Luai Ha Noi

Bai vilt duoc cong b6 trong khuon kh6 nhiem vu cip

Bo:_ "Quy che phdp ly dao vd vt'ing biin thuoc cdc

qudn ddo cua Viet Nam".

NghTa vu nay ciing duoc nhSc din tai doan 2 muc 1

Tuyen bo Manila nam 1982 \ I Giai quylt hoa binh

cac Tranh chip qu6c tl. Hon thi nua. quy pham cim

su dungvu luc trong quan he quic te dugc coi la quy

pham bai huoc jus cogens rang buoc tit ca cac qu6c

gia Xem them: Giao irinh Luat Qudc tl. Truong Dai

hpc Luat Ha \6i . N\b Cong an nhan dan 2009 tr

44-46

76

do, trong liic giai quyet tranh chap, cac ben

lien quan co nghia vu khong thyc hien bit

ki hanh dpng nao gay cang thang, nguy hai

tdi sy duy tri hoa binh va an ninh qu6c te,

gay kho khan hoac can trd viec giai quyet

tranh chap mpt each hoa binh^. Noi each

khac, khi mgt tranh chap chua dugc giai

quyet thi cac ben it nhat phai co trach nhiem

quan ly va dam bao mgi thir trong tam kiem

soat ciia minh.

Phuang thiic giai quyet tranh chap quoc

te bang con dudng toa an, dac biet la Toa

Cong ly quoc te (International Court of

Justice, sau day ggi tat la ICJ), dugc xem la

phuong thiic hiiu hieu va c6ng bang nhat.

Cac ket luan cua co quan tai phan nay dua

tren phap luat qu6c te, vi vay mang tinh

khach quan va phi chinh tri.

" Khoan 7 Dieu 33 Hicn chuong Lien hgp quoc.