Chữa ho lúc chuyển mùa, thuốc gì?

Chaa ho

Idc chuyen mm,

thudc gi?

H

-» DS. TRAN XUAN THUYET

o Id mdt phdn dng tdt cua cd the dd tdng

cdc di vdt hodc ddm khdi dudng thd (phd

L qudn, hong), nhUng ho cung la trieu chdng

bdo hi$u nhilu loai bdnh khde nhau. Khi ho gay anh

hudng xau ddn sdc khde thi can ddn bdc si ebii'a.

Chuyen mua Id luc thdi tidt thay ddi nhieu:

- Ddng sang Xudn (lanh sang dm, lanh vd kho

sang im vd im);

- Xudn sang Hd (im sang ndng);

- Hd sang Thu (ndng sang mdt);

- Thu sang Ddng (mdt sang lanh) ndn cd anh hudng

nhilu ddn sdc khde nhit Id ngUdi gid vd tri nhd (ddc bidt

khi Ddng sang Xudn), bilu hidn thudng gdp Id: ho, cam,

cum, chdy nude mui, hit hdi, gdy khd chiu trong ngUdi.

Cac nguydn nhfin gdy ho

Cd nhilu nguydn nhdn nhU:

}o Do tidp xuc vdi chit kich thich nhU: khi lanh,

hdi hda chit, thud'c Id, thudc Ido, khdi byi, phin hoa,

hdi im,...

> Do cdm, cum.

>- Do nhilm khuin (virus, vi khuin) gdy viem

dudng hd hip nhU: vidm hpng, viem amidan, viem

xoang, vidm phd qudn cd'p hodc man tinh, viem phdi,

dp xe phdi, lao phdi,...

> Ho cung Id tridu chdtig cua nhieu bdnh nhu: do

nhilm nim phd quan, tdm phe man, bdnh phdi tdc

ngbdn man tinh (COPD), ung thu phdi, trdn dich mang

phdi, gidn phd qudn (cd khi ho ra mdu), hen suydn,

trio ngUdc da ddy - thUe quan.

> Ho^c ho do tdc dung phu cua thud'c nhu thud'c tri

cao huydt dp loai dc che men chuyen (gay ho khan,

kdo ddi sudt cd thdi ky dung thud'c),...

Khi dd dung cdc loai thudc chu:a ho dun gian nhU:

chanh, quit, m$t ong. Id he, hung chanh, gifng tUdi,

nghd tUdi, kha t\L.. vd thud'c chd'ng di ung 1 tudn md

khdng thuydn gidm, lai cd chieu hudng xau di, can

ddn bdc si khdm, xdt nghidm tim nguyen nhdn gdy

ho dd chi dinh diing thud'c dU^c hidu qua. Vi du: Ho

do trdo ngU^c d? ddy thuc qudn thi khdng cin dung

thudc tri ho md dung thudc tri trdo ngUde da ddy thuc

quan sd bdt ho. Ho do thudc tri cao huydt dp loai Uc

chd men chuydn nhU captopril,... khi thay thudc tri

cao huydt dp khde sS hdt ho.

THU6C& SLfC KHOE sd497 (1.4.2QI4)

\

Cac loai thuoc tri ho

- Thudc gidm ho ddn gian it ddc hqi: Nhdn ddn

thudng dung mpt so thUe dn, gia vi cd trong nhd dl

chda ho nhu qud chanh bode qua quit chin, qud khe

thdi lat trdn vdi mud'i hodc chut mat ong dl ngdm

rdi nud't nUdc. Ngdm 1 Idt gifng tUdi bode nghd tUdi

thinh thodng nhim nhe, nudt nUdc. Hodc dung thudc

ho Ddng y cd ban d cdc nha thud'c. Tre em dudi 2 tudi

thi dimg hoa du du due hodc hoa hdng bach. Id he

trdn vdi dudng phen hip chin cho dn. Khdng duoe

diing qua quit 1dm cdnh, hoa hdng bach mua d chd

(do cd the nhiem lUdng Idn hda chit bdo vp thuc vdt).

- Thudc gidm ho tdc dung thdn kinh trung Uong

nhU: codein, pholcodin, dextromethorphan... Tri ho

khan (dung thudc khdng qud 7 ngdy). Thudc it cd tdc

dung vdi ho ndng kdo ddi. Khdng dimg cho trd dUdi

2 tudi, ngudi suy hd hip, phu nd cd thai, cdc trUdng

hop ho cd nhieu ddm.

- Thudc long ddm:

• Terpin hydrat, natri benzoat cd tdc dung 1dm

lodng ddm (terpin hydrat thudng phdi hop vdi codein).

• Eprazinon cd tdc dung lam lodng dich tidt phd

quan nen long ddm (khdng phd buy cau true ciia ddm

nen khdng anh hudng den niem mac da ddy) 1dm de

thd do chdng co that phe qudn. ChUa ho do viem phd

qudn cdp vd man, suy hd hap man, hen phd qudn,

bode ho do ciim, viem mQi xoang.

• Cac loai thud'c long ddm ed tdc dung phd

huy ed'u true ciia ddm nhU ambroxol, bromhexin,

N-acetyleystein, carbocistein.. Diing chiJa ho do cdc

bpnh phd quan, phdi cap vd man tinh, hen phe' quan,

gian phd' quan. Vidm xoang vd tai mui hpng. Khdng

diing cho ngUdi benh: vidm loet da day, td trang, phu

nU cd thai hodc cho con bii.

- Thudc chdng di Ung: Thudng dung nhdm khdng

histamin HI nhu chlorpheniramin maleat, cetirizin,

loratadin, fexofenadin, cd tdc dung chdng ho do di dng.

Trong nhdm khdng histamin HI cd chlorpheniramin

maleat cd tdc dung nhanh vd manh hdn cdc loai khde

(nen thudng cd trong cdc bipt dupc chda cam cum, chda

ho nhilu thdnh phan). Khdng dung chlorpheniramin

cho ngUdi bpnh hen cap, lodt da ddy, td trdng, tic

mdn vi, tic cd bdng quang, glocom gdc hep, tre sd

sinh, ngudi mang thai hay cho con bu.