Chapter 3: Cohesion in English discourse pdf

HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGLSH & MODERN LANGUAGES

DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

Chapter 3: Cohesion in English discourse

FULL NAME : NGUYỄN THANH THẢO

CLASS : KT4A

Tháng 12 năm 2012

I/ Grammatical cohesion

1. Reference

1.1 Definition:

 Guy de Maupassant (1850-1893) was born into an upper

bourgeois (middle-class) family in Normandy, France. After

serving in the army, without enough money to continue his law

studies, he became a civil servant, working in various

ministries in Paris. At the same time, be studied writing with

the author Gustave Flaubert. The extraordinary success of his

art between 1880 and 1890, Maupassant published nearly

three hundred stories. He also wrote essays, plays, poetry,

and novels, including Pierre et Jean (1888). His work has

influenced countless numbers of writers around the world,

including Anton Chekhov and Kate Chopin

 John looked out of the window. He thought he saw a shape

in the bushes. Could it be a fox? Mary had told him about

the foxes. However, nobody had seen one for months.

1.2 Classification

a) Based on pointing direction

Reference

Exophoric Endophoric

Anaphoric Cataphoric

Exophoric reference

 The book is over there

 For she is a jolly good fellow and so say all of us

 Take a look at this.

 They’re playing football and he kicks it and it goes through

there it breaks the window and they’re looking at it and he

comes out and shouts at them…

 Pass me the towel

 They’re playing football and he kicks it and it goes through

there it breaks the window and they’re looking at it and he

comes out and shouts at them…

Endophric

 Three boys are playing football and one boy kicks the

ball and it goes through the window and the boys are

looking at it and a man comes out and shouts at them

Anaphoric reference

 The monkey took the banana and ate it

 Pam went home because she felt sick

 My girlfriend and I met my lawyer for a drink, but she

became ill and had to leave.

 "If a man has talent and can't use it, he's failed."

"If a man has talent and can't use it, he's failed."

 "No woman can call herself free until she can choose

consciously whether she will or will not be a mother."

 "In peace, sons bury their fathers. In war, fathers bury

their sons."

 "Laws are like sausages; it is better not to see them being

made."

 "Well, knowledge is a fine thing, and mother Eve thought

so; but she smarted so severely for hers, that most of her

daughters have been afraid of it since."

 "Well, knowledge is a fine thing, and mother Eve thought

so; but she smarted so severely for hers, that most of her

daughters have been afraid of it since."

 Monte Brooks, 67, theatrical producer and band leader,

collapsed and died Thursday in a Lloyd Center restaurant.

He lived at 6124 N. Willamette Blvd.