Chân lạp: đường tới kỷ nguyên angkor huy hoàng (790 - 1000)

CHAN LAP: 0U6N G T6| KY NGUYEN

ANGKOR HUY HOANG (790 - 1000)

NGO VAN DOANH*

Sau mdt thdi gia kha dai phat trien

va hung thinh. tif dau the ky VIII,

nudc Chan Lap bi chia ddi thanh Luc

Chan Lap va Thuy Chan Lap. Rdi thi, den

giiia the'ky VIII, nudc Thuy Chan Lap lai

hi phan quyen ra thanh mdt so'tieu qud'c.

Chinh vao thdi diem nay, qud'c gia bien

hiing manh Srivijaya da tan cdng, chem

dau vua Khdme va chiem ludn nha nUdc

Indrapura ciia Chan Lap d mien nam

Campuchia'^'.

Sau khi Srivijaya riit ve, d Campuchia

da cd mdt vi vua mdi. Vay, vi vua bi chem

dau va vi tan vUdng kia la ai? Theo cac

nha nghien cijfu, khdng cdn nghi ngd gi,

chinh Jayavarman (G.Coedes dat la

Jayavarman I bis de phan biet vdi

Jayavarman I) ma cac bia ky ndi la da tri

vi d Sambor vao nhUng nam 770- 781. Va,

ngUdi ma sau nay trd thanh vua

Jayavarman II cua nUdc Chan Lap chfnh

la con trai ciia vi vua bi chem dau.

Qua cac tai lieu Arap, ina dac biet la

ghi chep cua Abu Zaid, ngUdi ta biet dUdc

rang, sau khi da danh chiem Indrapura

vao nam 782, Srivijaya da nha't thdi (tif

nam 782 den nSm 802) kiem soat dUdc

vUOng qud'c Cambodia. Ciing cac tai lieu

Arap cho biet, mdt hoang than Cambodia

ten la Jayavarman II dUdc Samaratunga,

ngUdi ke vi cua Sangramadhananjaya,

phai tit Java ve nUdc de cai quan dd thi

Indrapura cua Cambodia. Ma, nhu

thUdng le, ngiidi cai quan thUdng chi dUdc

cif di den nhiing nUdc chu hau. Do vay,

Indrapura chac la da nam dudi sU kiem

soat cua Srivijaya.

Cho den nay, nam ma Jayavarman tit

Java ve nUdc van cdn nhieu dieu chUa rd.

Nhieu bia ky ndi rang, Jayavarman II da

xay diing thu dd d niii Mahendra vao nam

802. The nhung, trUdc khi den day, dng ta

da cai tri d ba thu dd khac, ma mdt trong

ba thu dd a'y la do dng lap ra. Mac dau cd

nhiing y kien khac nhau, nhUng, theo cac

nha nghien ciiu, cd the Jayavarman II tit

Java ve nUdc vao nam 790, khi vi tan

VUdng khoang 20, va, ma't vao nam 850,

khi dng 80 tudi.

Mac dau tri vi trong mgt thdi gian kha

dai, nhUng, khac han vdi thUdng le ciia

cac vua Chan Lap trUdc dd la bao gid ciing

de lai nhiing bia ky, Jayavarman II khdng

de lai mot ddng ghi chep nao tren bia ky

PGS.TS. Ngo Van Doanh, Vien Nghien cifu Dong Nam A