CCNA voice Study Guide

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CCNA®

Voice

Study Guide

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CCNA®

Voice

Study Guide

Andrew Froehlich

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Acquisitions Editor: Jeff Kellum

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Copyright © 2010 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada

ISBN: 978-0-470-52766-5

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Froehlich, Andrew, 1977-

CCNA voice study guide (640-460) / Andrew Froehlich. — 1st ed.

p. cm.

ISBN-13: 978-0-470-52766-5

ISBN-10: 0-470-52766-8

1. Internet telephony—Examinations—Study guides. I. Title.

TK5105.8865.F76 2010

004.69'5—dc22

2009047259

TRADEMARKS: Wiley, the Wiley logo, and the Sybex logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John

Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without

written permission. CCNA is a registered trademark of Cisco Technology, Inc. All other trademarks are

the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor

mentioned in this book.

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Disclaimer: This eBook does not include ancillary media

that was packaged with the printed version of the book.

Dear Reader,

Thank you for choosing CCNA Voice Study Guide. This book is part of a

family of premium-quality Sybex books, all of which are written by outstanding authors

who combine practical experience with a gift for teaching.

Sybex was founded in 1976. More than 30 years later, we’re still committed to producing

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Acknowledgments

I’d like to thank the entire team Sybex assembled for their hard work and dedication in

putting this book together. I wish to acknowledge Jeff Kellum, my acquisitions editor,

for giving me the opportunity to write my fi rst book for Sybex. A big thanks to my

development editor, Jim Compton. Jim’s tireless effort helped to shape the book into a

much more readable format. I’d also like to thank my technical editor, Scott Morris.

Having a multi-CCIE like Scott edit the book gave me a big reassurance that it was

accurately written. Also, thanks to Dassi Zeidel, my production editor, and copy editor

Linda Recktenwald. As is common with many books, the copy editor’s timeline is always

shrinking because of slowdowns in authoring and other edits. Dassi and Linda were able to

crank out the copy editing in record time so it could be placed into the readers’ hands

on schedule.

Finally, I’d like to thank my family and friends for all of their support and

encouragement. The writing and editing of this book over the past year for me took

place in multiple locations around the world including the United States, Colombia, and

Thailand. In each of these countries, I had support of family and/or friends to keep me

motivated and inspired. Starting with those in the United States, I’d specifi cally like to

thank my mother and father, Ron and Elaine Froehlich, as well my Chicago friends,

including Angie Barbini, Matt and Fabiana Liska, Kevin and Ruth Ann McQuire, and

Sean and Heather Uhles. Also in Chicago, my friends and co-workers at the University of

Chicago Medical Center. In Colombia, I want to thank my dear friend Adriana Castro.

Finally, in Thailand, I want to thank Manta Jambanja and the School of Information

Technology staff at Mae Fah Luang University.

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About the Author

Andrew Froehlich, CCNA, CCDA, CCNA-Voice, CCNP, CCSP, CCDP, F5 systems

engineer, is the president of West Gate Networks, a network and IT consulting fi rm

based in Chicago. Andrew also holds the position of network architect at the University

of Chicago Medical Center. In the past, Andrew has performed network design and

support for large companies, including State Farm Insurance and United Airlines. In

addition to having more than 12 years of network experience, he holds a degree in

Management Information Systems from Northern Iowa University and a master of business

administration degree from Northern Illinois University. He is also a freelance writer for

IT publications, including Network World magazine. Andrew’s most recent work is as a

professor of Network Architecture at Mae Fah Luang University in Chiang Rai, Thailand.

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Contents at a Glance

Introduction xxiii

Assessment Test xxx

Chapter 1 Cisco Unified Communication Solutions 1

Chapter 2 Traditional Telephony 35

Chapter 3 Voice over IP (VoIP) 75

Chapter 4 Configuring the Network Infrastructure for Voice 113

Chapter 5 CUCM Express Installation and Basic Configuration 173

Chapter 6 CUCM Express Advanced Configuration 237

Chapter 7 Configuring Voice Gateways for POTS and VoIP 299

Chapter 8 Unity Express Overview and Installation 361

Chapter 9 Unity Express Configuration 415

Chapter 10 Introducing the SBCS Platform and Cisco

Configuration Assistant 463

Chapter 11 Configuring Telephony Functions Using the Cisco

Configuration Assistant 493

Appendix A Design and Configuration Using the

CCA Telephony Setup Wizard 533

Appendix B About the Companion CD 563

Glossary 567

Index 585

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Contents

Introduction xxiii

Assessment Test xxx

Chapter 1 Cisco Unified Communication Solutions 1

Why Should We Bother Integrating Voice and Data Services? 2

Communications Enhancements 2

Cost Savings 3

Introducing the Cisco Unified Communications Manager Lineup 3

Cisco Unified Communications Manager 4

Cisco Unified Communications Manager Business Edition 5

Cisco Unified Communications Manager Express 5

Comparing the Communications Manager Alternatives 7

Introducing the Cisco Unity Lineup 7

Cisco Unity 8

Cisco Unity Connection 8

Cisco Unity Express 9

Introducing Cisco IP Phones and User Applications 11

Cisco 7900 Series IP Phones 12

Cisco 7900 Expansion Modules 13

Cisco 6900 Series IP Phones 13

Cisco 3900 Series IP Phones 14

Cisco IP Communicator 14

Cisco 500 Series IP Phones 16

Cisco Analog Telephony Adapter 16

Cisco VG224 and VG248 Series Voice Gateway 17

Additional Unified Communications Applications 17

Using Voice Gateways 19

Introducing the Cisco Unified Communications 500 Series 20

Choosing an IP Telephony Deployment Option 22

Single Site with Centralized Call Processing 22

Multisite with Centralized Call Processing 23

Clustering over the Wide Area Network 24

Multisite with Distributed Call Processing 25

Summary 26

Exam Essentials 26

Written Lab 1.1 27

Review Questions 28

Answers to Review Questions 32

Answers to Written Lab 1.1 33

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xii Contents

Chapter 2 Traditional Telephony 35

Understanding Analog Network Signaling 36

Loop Start Signaling 36

Ground Start Signaling 38

Analog Network Event Signaling 38

Comparing Analog and Digital Circuits 41

The Analog Signal 42

Analog Voice Interfaces 43

The Analog-to-Digital Conversion Process 47

Digital Voice Interfaces 52

Multiplexing 58

Time-Division Multiplexing 59

Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing 60

Private Phone Switching 60

The Key System 60

Private Branch Exchange 61

PSTN Numbering Plans 62

The International Numbering Plan 62

The North American Numbering Plan 63

Combining the NANP with the International

Numbering Plan 65

Summary 65

Exam Essentials 66

Written Lab 2.1 67

Review Questions 68

Answers to Review Questions 72

Answers to Written Lab 2.1 73

Chapter 3 Voice over IP (VoIP) 75

Understanding the Unified Communications Model 76

The Infrastructure Layer 77

The Call Control Layer 78

The Applications Layer 78

The Endpoints Layer 79

A Closer Look at Voice Gateways 79

Using DSP Resources on Voice Gateways to Connect

a CUCM to the PSTN 79

Using Voice Gateways to Connect a CUCM to a PBX 82

Voice Gateway Dial Peers 83

Dial Peers and Call Legs 84

Comparing Voice Gateway Communication Protocols 85

An Overview of Voice and Video Transport Protocols 88

The Real-Time Transport Protocol 88

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Contents xiii

Compressed RTP 90

Real-Time Transport Control Protocol 91

Comparing VoIP Endpoint Signaling Protocols 92

SCCP 92

SIP 93

Voice Signaling Protocols in Review 94

Comparing the Common Voice Codecs 95

G.711 95

G.729 95

G.729a 96

iLBC 96

Which Codec Is Right for You? 97

Calculating IP Voice Packet Sizes 98

Voice Packet Payload 98

Layer 2 Header Information 99

Layer 3 Header Information 99

Special Case Packet Additions 99

Calculating Bytes per Second 100

Calculating Bits per Second 100

Size Calculation Examples 101

Reducing Voice Packet Sizes 103

Examples of When to Use Specific Codecs 104

Summary 104

Exam Essentials 105

Written Lab 3.1 106

Review Questions 107

Answers to Review Questions 111

Answers to Written Lab 3.1 112

Chapter 4 Configuring the Network Infrastructure for Voice 113

Power Options for IP Phones 114

Power Brick 114

Powered Patch Panel/Power Injector 115

Power over Ethernet Switch 116

Understanding and Configuring VLANs and Voice VLANs 123

An Overview of VLANs 123

Configuring VLANs 124

Configuring VLAN Trunks 126

Implementing Inter-VLAN Routing 130

Using the VLAN Trunking Protocol 138

Configuring and Verifying Voice VLANs 145

Introduction to Quality of Service (QoS) 147

Traffic Classification 148

Traffic Marking 149

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