Các thủ thuật mở bài và các bước giới thiệu ngữ liệu mới trong giảng dạy tiếng Anh

cic THiJ THUAT M BAI VA CAC BWC G l THIEU iGUUlUMin

TRONG GIANG DAYTIENG ANH

Trong gidng dgy Tilng Anh, cdc hogt ddng

dugc Idn k l hogch vd thyc hi$n hjdn h/ theo

Iffng bude co bdn ludn mang Igl nhffng kit

qud khd quan hon Id dgy hgc ngSu hffng hoQc

thap ntdt Uiudn mfiu cd (^nh. Tuy nhidn, lya chgn

vi'sff dyng linh hogt cdc thO thudt md bdi cOng

nhv cdc bvdc gldl thi$u ngff li^u mdi trong gidng

dgy nhv ihl ndo cho phff hgp vdi nhilu ddi higng

ngirid hgc khdc nhau cOng nhv ede Hnh d$ khde

nhou vdn ludn Id edu hdi dvgc ddt ra cho mdi

gl6o vidn (GV) hudc khi sogn vd gidng bdi.

1. 71m hilu ddi hrgng ngvdl ligc vd trinh

d$ cffo ngudi hgc hvdc khi qvylt djnh lya

dign cdc thff thu^t md bdi vd cdc bude gldl

lhi$u ngff li$u mdi cho phff hgp

Ddy Id ylu tdvd cOng quan trgng vi khi ngudi

dgy bilt dugc Hnh dd cOa ngvdl hgc, vl ^ lya

di9n thiJ thudt ndo cd hi$u qud coo se mang Igi

Idtqud nhv mong muon. Neu Id ngvdl bdt ddu

h^c, cdc trd choi (games) don gidn nhvng hdp

dSn sS tgo hffng thff cho ngvdl hgc cd d$ tudi

dudi 22. Vdl ddi higng ngudi hgc h-dn d$ hidi

ndy, ehuyln hrd sd tgo sy thdn mdt d l hdo ddng

hon Id cdc hd choi. Sff dyng cdc hogt d$ng ndy

se tqo ra dugc khdng khf hgc t$p thudn Igl cd v l

m$t tdm If Idn ndi dung cho cdc hogt d$ng sou

dd ihdnh cdng hon, vt tuy thdi glan ngdn (h> 4-

7 phlit) nhvng ngudi hgc cd ihl dn Igl kiln thffc

cO ho0c djnh hinh sy tidn kit vdl kiln thffc mdi

sShgc.

2. M$t sd cdc thff thudt md bdi

- Greetings: Chdo hdi Id hogt ddng khd phd

blln khi gido vidn vdo Idp vl ngay khi bdt ddu

l)9c ngvdl hgc dd dugc hgc h-ong mdi hvdng

tilng mgt cddi h/ nhidn.

. - Adcing about heahh: Hdi thdm v l sffc khde

thi hl$n sy quan tdm gdn gffl giffa gido vidn vd

ngudi hgc.

-Singing a song: Khdi ddu tilt hgc vdl

in$l bdi hdt chdo hdi, hodc cdc bdi hdt cd

cdc glal didu tvol vui, rdn rdng s3 giffp ngvdl

SPclii Glao due s6 28 6 jin a - s/aom

Q ThS. T6N G HI;N G TAfVl'

hgc luyin nghe vd phdt dm td't hon. Ngvdl

dgy phdi svu tdm vd Idng ghdp dgy edc bdi

hdt ndy d phdn cu^l cdc tilt dgy sd thudn Igl

cho bdi hgc hdm sou.

- Chatting about a specific topic. Trd chuydn

v l m$t eho d l mdi dl hilu glOp ngvdl hge cdm

thdy ty Kn khi trd chuy$n hon.

- Using visual aids: Sff dyng gido cy trye

quon d l ngudi hgc md td, dodn n$l dung ho$c

hd Idi cdu hdi. Ngudi hge s5 thdy td md muon

khdm phd vd hffng thff khi hd Idl vd tham gia

thyc hi|n cdc ydu cdu ci3a ngvdl hgc. GV cd ihl

khoi ihdc vdt thdt hong Idp hgc ho ^ ydu edu

ngudi hgc chudn bj.

- Selecting suitable games: Lya chgn cdc

h-d choi pho hgp theo n$i dung bdi hgc Id dilu

cdn thilt vl nhilu h-d choi cdn sy chudn bj cffng

nhv cdch choi khong dl sS Idm ngudi hgc e nggi.

Nlu trd choi phu hgp vdl kiln thffe ngvdl hgc

sd Id m$t bude ddn ddt ngudi hgc tllp c$n kiln

thffe mdt cdch h/ nhidn hon. Do dgng vd thay

ddi cdc trd choi se Idm ngudi hgc nudi dudng

vd tgo dugc dam md v l sy hdp dSn effa vide

hgc Tilng Anh. Cd rdt nhilu cdc trd choi nhv

Word Squore, matching.

- Giving a short exercise: Ydu cdu ngvdl hgc

Idm m$t bdi idp ngdn vd chdm h-d bdi vdo cudi

budl hgc. Nlu bdi tdp vffo sffc, ngudi hgc cd thi

chde chdn dffng h> 75% hd Idn sd Id m$t ddng Iyc

Idn giup ngudi hgc cdm thdy vi^ hgc vd ffng

dyng kiln tfiffe vdo Idm bdi tn$t hffu fch vd vi^

dgt dugc dilm sd nhdt djnh ndo dd cOng glOp

ngvdl hgc hilu kiln thffc thyc hg dang cd d l phdn

ddu hgc tdt hon.

- Eliciting: Ggl md Id mdt trong nhffng thff

thudt khoi thdc kid'n thffe nln effa ngvdl hgc mdt

cdch hi|u qud nhdt. Nd giffp ngvdl hge khdc

sdu kiln thffc vd cd eo h$i luydn tdp Igl mgt

cdch h/ nhidn.

* Tn«H Bll hvc tM ipyii rtii«l tra«i{ Bi N^l