Barron's Toeic bridge test

V V '^ '\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \

BARRON’S CK.0000065603

HOW TO PREPARE FOR THE

BRIDGE TEST

WITH AUDIO COMPACT DISCS

Dr. Lin L o u g h e e d

Your Blueprint for Test Success

T h r e e fu ll- le n g t h p r a c tic e t e s t s

A ll q u e s t io n s a n s w e r e d a n d e x p la in e d

O v e rv ie w o f t h e t e s t

Your Private Tutor

■ A d d itio n a l p r a c tic e q u e s t io n s

E x te n s iv e T O E IC B rid g e v o c a b u la r y

b u ild in g

R e v ie w o f T O E IC B rid g e T e s t L is te n in g

a n d R e a d in g S e c tio n s

S tu d y t ip s a n d t e s t - t a k in g s t r a te g ie s

Personal Instruction for

a Better Test Score

• T r a in in g in P r a c tic a l

E n g lis h U s a g e

• L is te n in g

C o m p r e h e n s io n

• R e a d in g i

C o m p r e h e n s io n I

• M u c h M o r e

■ A u d io c o m p a c t d is c s o f f e r p r a c tic e in

lis te n in g c o m p r e h e n s io n

SÂ C H K ÈM H I KO 1ÏÎA CI) DAT I AI

PHONG NGI1K NIMN

R l i t IU 1 I i m i l l E E S ’J K S r " - '

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ V

® TOEIC is a registered tradem ark o f

Educational Testing Service. This publicatior

has been neither reviewed nor endorsed by

BARRON’S

BRIDGE TEST

TEST OF ENGLISH

FOR INTERNATIONAL

COMMUNICATION

Dr. Lin Lougheed

® TOEIC is a registered tradem ark of E ducational Testing S erv ice.

There is no connection betw een B arro n 's and Educational Testing

S ervice. This publication has not been review ed or endorsed by ETS.

First News

NHA XUAT BAN TRE

From T O E IC B R ID G E T E S T w ith audio C D s, 2 nd edition

By Dr. Lin Lougheed.

Copyright © 2010 by Lin Lougheed.

Published by arrangement with Barron’s Educational Series, Inc., Hauppauge NY, USA.

All rights reserved.

Vietnamese Edition © 2012 by First News - Tri Viet Publishing Co., Ltd.

Tác phẩm: T O E IC B R ID G E T E S T , 2 nd e d itio n

Tác giả: Dr. Lin Lougheed

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Contents

INTRODUCTION

O v e rv ie w o f th e T O E IC B rid g e T e s t 3

R a tio n a le fo r a T O E IC B rid g e T est P re p a ra tio n C o u rs e 3

T im e ta b le fo r a T O E IC B rid g e T est P re p a ra tio n C o u rs e 3

Teach in g L is te n in g C o m p re h e n s io n 4

T e a c h in g R e a d in g 6

T e a c h in g V o c a b u la ry 6

F re q u e n tly A s k ed Q u e s tio n s A b o u t th e T O E IC B rid g e Test 7

LISTENING COMPREHENSION

P art I— V o c ab u lary B u ild in g A c tiv itie s 15

V o c a b u la ry F o c u s 15

Directions 15

Clothing 17

Nature 19

Daily Routines 21

Culture 23

P art I: P h o to g ra p h s — S k ill B u ild in g A c tiv itie s 26

Location 27

People 33

Actions 39

P art II: Q u e s tio n -R e s p o n s e — V o c a b u la ry B u ild in g A c tiv itie s 45

V o c a b u la ry F o c u s 4 5

Weather 45

Family and Friends 47

News and Newspapers 49

Office 51

Travel 53

P art II: Q u e s tio n -R e s p o n s e — S kill B u ild in g A c tiv itie s 56

Words Repeated 56

Similar Sounds 59

Associated Words 61

Homonyms 63

Same Sound and Spelling but Different Meaning 65

Opposites 67

Word Order 69

P art III: S h o rt C o n v e rs a tio n s a n d S h o rt T a lk s — V o c a b u la ry

B u ild in g A c tiv itie s 72

V o c a b u la ry F o c u s 7 2

Dates and Time 72

Measurement and Numbers 74

Money 76

Activities 78

Feelings and Emotions 80

iv / CONTENTS

P art III: S h o rt C o n v e rs a tio n s an d S h o rt T alks—

S kill B u ild in g A c tiv itie s 83

Words Repeated 84

Similar Sounds 85

Associated Words 87

Homonyms 89

Same Sound and Spelling but Different Meaning 90

Opposites 92

Intonation 94

M in i-T e s t fo r L is te n in g C o m p re h e n s io n R eview — P a rts I, II,

a n d III 99

P a rt I 9 9

P a rt II 1 0 8

P a rt III 110

3!

READING

P art IV — V o c ab u lary B u ild in g A c tiv itie s 115

V o c a b u la ry F o c u s 115

Sports 115

Entertainment 117

Groceries 119

Geography 121

Furniture and Furnishings 123

P art IV: In c o m p le te S e n te n c e s — S kill B uilding A c tiv itie s 1 2 6

P a rts o f S p e e c h 1 2 7

Singular and Plural Nouns 129

Articles 132

Nouns— Count and Non-count 134

Pronouns 137

Demonstrative Adjectives 139

Prepositions o f Time 141

Prepositions o f Location 143

S u b je c ts a n d V e rb s 1 4 4

Redundant Subjects 146

Subject-Verb Agreement 148

Present Tense 150

Past Tense 153

Future Tense 155

Stative Verbs 158

Gerunds and Infinitives 160

Verbs plus Prepositions 162

Conditionals 164

Passive-Active Modes 166

A d je c tiv e s a n d A d v e rb s 1 6 8

Adjectives— Comparative and Superlative 170

Adjectives— Descriptive Phrases 172

Adverbs— Date, Time, Sequence 174

Adverbs of Frequency 176

CONTENTS / v

C o n ju n c tio n s 1 7 8

P a ra lle l S tru c tu re 181

C a u s e a n d E ffe c t 1 8 3

P re fix e s 1 8 5

P art V: R ead in g C o m p re h e n s io n — V o c ab u lary B u ild in g

A c tiv itie s 188

V o c a b u la ry F o c u s 18 8

Dining Out 188

School 190

Housing 192

Shopping 194

Health 196

P art V: R e a d in g C o m p re h e n s io n — S kill B u ild in g A c tiv itie s 199

Advertisements 200

Charts, Tables, and Graphs 205

Forms 210

Notices and Signs 215

Passages and Articles 219

Correspondence 223

M in i-T est fo r R e a d in g R e v ie w — P arts IV an d V 231

P a rt IV 231

P a rt V 2 3 6

TOEIC BRIDGE MODEL TESTS

M o d e l T est 1 2 4 7

M o d e l T est 2 2 7 5

A P P E N D IX A — A N S W E R K E Y S A N D A N S W E R E X P L A N A T IO N S

A n s w e r K ey fo r L is te n in g C o m p re h e n s io n 301

A n s w e r K ey fo r M in i-T e s t fo r L is te n in g C o m p re h e n s io n R e v ie w —

P arts I, II, a n d III 3 1 0

A n s w e r K ey fo r R e a d in g 3 1 3

A n s w e r K ey fo r M in i-T e s t fo r R e a d in g R e v ie w — P a rts IV a n d V 3 2 0

A n s w e r K ey fo r M o d e l T e s t 1 3 2 3

A n s w e r E xp la n a tio n s fo r M o d e l T est 1 3 2 4

A n s w e r K ey fo r M o d e l T est 2 3 3 0

A n s w e r E xp la n a tio n s fo r M o d e l T est 2 331

APPENDIX B—TAPESCRIPTS

T a p e s c rip t fo r L is te n in g C o m p re h e n s io n 3 3 9

T a p e s c rip t fo r M in i-T e s t fo r L is te n in g C o m p re h e n s io n R e v ie w —

P arts I, II, a n d III 355

T a p e s c rip t fo r M o d e l T e s t 1 365

T a p e s c rip t fo r M o d e l T e s t 2 3 7 2

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

BBNHHHMHHHHHHHMHMHHHHHBHHR

M M H B H H H M H H n M M H R M R IP

INTRODUCTION

1

WHAT TO LOOK FOR IN THIS CHAPTER

• O v e rv ie w o f th e T O E IC B rid g e T e s t

TIMETABLE FOR A TOEIC BRIDGE TEST PREPARATION COURSE / 3

OVERVIEW OF THE TOEIC BRIDGE TEST

T here are tw o se ctio n s on the T O E IC B ridge test: Listening C om prehension and R eading. You w ill be

given a te st bo o k a nd an an sw er sheet. You w ill need a pencil to take th e test. A ll o t the q u estion s are

m ultiple-choice. H ere is an o u tline of the TO E IC B rid ge test.

TO E IC B rid g e T est

S e ction 1

(25 m inutes)

Listen ing C om prehension

P art I P hotographs

P art II Q ue stion -R espon se

P art III S ho rt C on versatio ns and

S ho rt Talks

15 qu estions

20 q u estions

15 qu estions

S e ction 2

(35 m inutes)

R eading

P art IV Incom p lete S ente nces

P art V R eading C om prehe nsion

30 questions

20 q u estions

You w ill fin d de tailed inform ation ab out ea ch section in th is book. In each ch a p te r you will stud y the

type of qu e stio ns asked in each sectio n of the T O E IC B ridge test. You w ill learn how to use stra te gies

to im p ro ve y o u r score in ea ch se ction. In addition, you w ill stud y vo cab ula ry in co n texts co m m o n ly used

on the T O E IC B rid ge test.

Rationale for a TOEIC Bridge Test Preparation Course

B arro n’s How to Prepare for the TOEIC Bridge Test m ay be used eith e r as a se lf-stu dy b o o k o r as a

cla ss text. In a cla s s situation, th is te x t w ill pro vide an e xce lle n t stru cture fo r h e lp in g stud e nts de ve lo p

th e ir E nglish la ng ua ge skills an d a t th e sam e tim e im prove th e ir test-taking skills.

T he T O E IC B rid ge test is de signed fo r stu d ents w ho are ju s t beginning to stu d y E nglish. T h e E ng￾lish-language level o f these stud ents could be classifie d as beginning o r low -interm ediate. T h e test is

often given fo r placem ent in language co u rse s as w ell as to m easure achievem e nt in the se courses.

T he te st is used fo r students o f all ages.

This text is ideal fo r such a va ried audience. It provides the foun datio n fo r m any typ e s of lang uage

learning co urses. It gives th e basics o f E nglish and th e basics o f te st p reparation. T h is te x t g ive s the

stud ents a stre am lin e d ap proach to E nglish. T he y can practice item s a nd prepa re fo r th e test. T h is text

give s you, the teacher, w ha t you w an t fo r y o u r students: a solid E nglish prep a ration co urse w ith a lo t of

practice.

Timetable for a TOEIC Bridge Test Preparation Course

It is a challenge in every language teaching course to m eet th e needs of the students w ithin the tim e lim ­

its of a course. T he re is ne ver enough tim e. H ere is a suggested approach. It gives you a basic outline

th a t you can expand as tim e allow s. Each suggestion is based on a 45 -m inute period.

4 / CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

First Class Period

Take the M ini-Test. T his is a short test that will give the students an idea of how the T O E IC Bridge test

w orks. S tudents really w ant to know about the test through experience, not by reading about it. T his w ill

give them in 30 m inutes an opportu nity to learn how the test w orks. Take the rem aining tim e in the class

to ask the class these questions. If you start with yes/no questions, you w ill get m ore class pa rticip a ­

tion. O nce the students are ready to talk, yo u can sw itch to why questions. Asking these questions w ill

help you determ ine the curriculum fo r the rest of the course.

W as the test easy?

Did you understand the directions?

Did you finish each section?

Do you think you did w ell?

C ould you hear the audio?

W ere there m any w ords you didn’t know ? C an you re m em ber them ?

W hich section w as easier— Listening C om prehe nsion or R eading? W hy?

In the Listening Com prehension section, which part w as easier— Photographs or

Q uestion-R esponses? W hy?

W hich part w as easier— Q uestion -R esponses o r S hort C onversations and S hort Talks?

W hy?

In the R eading section, w hich part w as easier— Incom plete S entences or R eading? W hy?

Second Class Period

R eview the M ini-Test. G o over each item and discuss w hy it w as w rong. T he explanatory answ ers are

in the back of the book. T his w ill help the stud ents becom e aw a re of the tricks in th e test. O nce they

study each chapter, they w ill understand w hy they m ust learn to recognize these tricks.

Subsequent Class Periods

A lternate each class period w ith a ch apter on vo cabula ry and a ch apter on a test part. If you are short

on tim e, have the students do the vo cabulary w ork as hom ew ork.

H alfw ay through yo ur course, give the students a m odel test. W hen you give a m odel test, you will

need at least one class period to review the test w ith the students. You will proba bly need tw o class

periods to cover the te st thoroughly.

Teaching Listening Comprehension

The m ore op portunities stud ents have to listen to English, the better their English com preh ension w ill

be. To this end, you should try to have an “ E nglish-only” classroom . W hen the students have a q u e s￾tion, ask them to phrase the question in English. See if another student can rephrase the question o r

repeat it correctly. H ave the students w ork in pa irs and sm all groups so everyone has an opportunity to

speak English and thereby listen to English.

Besides exposing the students to English, they m ust learn to develop their test-taking skills. In a

m ultiple-choice test like the TO E IC Bridge test, students m ust pick one correct an sw er from several

choices. The w rong choices or distracters are traps. S tudents m ust learn to avoid these traps.

T he activities in the Listening C om prehension section of this book will help students im prove th e ir

listening skills, develop their test-taking skills, and practice their com m unication skills. T he ideas be low

TEACHING LISTENING COMPREHENSION / 5

w ill give you op tions to expand the exercises in th e book to m ake them relevant and pe rso nal to yo ur

ow n students.

Photograph Exercises

Word Identification

In pairs o r sm all groups, have the students nam e everything th e y can see in the picture. H ave them

id e n tify possible actions.

True or False

Tell the stud ents to w rite se ntence s that describe the photos. H ave them also m ake up se nte nce s that

are false. M ix up th e sentences and read them to an othe r group o r the class. C an the students tell which

sta te m e n ts are tru e and w hich are false? H ave them co rre ct the statem en ts that are false.

A Short Description

H ave th e stu d e n ts in pairs o r sm all group s w rite a short descrip tion of the picture. O nce they have the

vo ca b ula ry and structure, have them repeat the description aloud w ith out using th e ir notes.

Personalize

H ave th e stu d e n ts describe a setting o r action sim ila r to the o ne in the photograph that th e y a re fam il￾iar with.

Question-Response Exercises

T h is is a v e ry de m anding section. T he students are forced to choose an a n sw er based on ve ry little

inform ation. T h e re is no context. T he a n sw er is based on w h a t is g ram m atically and logica lly possible.

Establish a Context

H ave th e stu d e n ts in pa irs o r sm all group s esta blish a co n te xt fo r ea ch statem ent. T h e stud en ts hear

one line and ch oo se on e co rre ct response. W h at do th e y th in k the sp eakers w ou ld say be fo re? W hat

w ou ld th e y sa y next?

Personalize

T he stud e nts can create a sh ort skit based on the on e line of dialog. T h is sk it w ill ce n te r on th e ir ow n

lives. S ee how diffe ren t each gro u p ’s interpretation w ill be.

Short Conversations and Short Talks Exercises

T he re is m ore of a context in th e short co nve rsa tions and short talks; the refo re th e expansion activities

can be richer.

Skits for Short Talks

H ave the stud ents add m ore dialog before and afte r the short talk.

Personalize

H ave the stud e nts create a sim ila r short conversation o r sh ort talk but change the context. If it is a

w e a th e r report fo r C hicago, have them do a w e a th e r report fo r th e ir ow n country.

6 / CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Teaching Reading

If you w ant yo ur students to learn how to listen, they m ust hear a lot of English. If you w ant your stu￾dents to be good readers, they m ust read a lot. R eading will im prove their vocab ulary and their know l￾edge of E nglish sentence structures. Both skills w ill help them on the TO E IC B ridge test.

Incomplete Sentences

Have the students analyze the gram m ar of the sentence. W here is the subject? W here is the verb? Is

there an object? Is there a prepositional phrase? A re there tim e m arkers? W hat is the tense of the

sentence?

H ave the students identify the part of speech fo r the blank. For the w ord ch oice item s, have the

students identify the part of speech of the answ er options.

If the w ord choice is a verb, have the students look for tim e m arkers. W hat is the tense of the

sentence?

W hen the students have filled in the blank, have them paraphrase the item.

Reading Comprehension

T he skills taught in the Reading C om prehension section can be applied to all readings that the students

do outside of class. These skills can be practiced in the stud ents’ native language as w ell as English.

Have the students bring in exam ples of signs, advertisem ents, form s, charts, graphs, tables,

notices, and any other printed m aterial. Ail o f these type s o f readings can be found in an E nglish new s

m agazine. Have the students in sm all groups scan a m agazine to find exam ples of th ese types o f read￾ings. Have them w rite their ow n questions about the readings and then give the readings and questions

to oth e r groups to answer.

Teaching Vocabulary

All stud ents w ant to know w ords. To satisfy this desire, there is a lot of vocabula ry practice in this book.

Each unit begins with w ords at a variety of language levels. The sentences that fo llo w are alm ost m ini￾definitions. Have the students create additional sentences w ith each w ord.

R ecognizing w ord fam ilies is an im portant skill. S how the students the im portance of suffixes and

prefixes. Have them m ake sentences using the different gram m atical form s of a w o rd family.

A fter the Reading R eview section, there is a Vocabulary Plus Review. S om e of the w ords that w ere

introduced previously are brought back fo r review. In addition there are o the r w o rds in the sam e co n ­

text and even new w ords in new contexts. A ll of these activities should sa tisfy yo u r students’ desire to

know “w ords and m ore w ords!”

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT THE TOEIC BRIDGE TEST / 7

Frequently Asked Questions About the TOEIC Bridge Test

What Is the Difference Between the Format of the TOEIC Test

and the TOEIC Bridge Test?

T h e T O E IC B ridge test is m uch ea sier than the T O E IC test. T he re are few e r q u estions and fe w e r parts.

T he re are 20 0 qu estions and 7 parts in the T O E IC test. T he re are 100 qu e stio ns and 5 pa rts in the

T O E IC B ridge test. T he type o f item in each pa rt is sim ilar on both tests.

T O E IC T e s t T O E IC B rid g e T est

L is te n in g

C o m p re h e n s io n

N u m b e r o f

Q u es tio n s

L isten in g

C o m p reh en sio n

N u m b e r o f

Q u estio n s

P art I

P hotos

20 Part I

Photos

15

P art II

Q u e stion -R e spon se

30 Part II

Q ue stion -R espon se

20

P art III

S h o rt C onversations

30 Part III

S hort C on versatio ns

and S hort Talks

15

P art IV

S h o rt Talks

20

R ea d in g R e a d in g

P art V

Inco m p le te S entence

40 Part IV

Inco m plete S ente nce

30

P art VI

E rror R ecognition

20 Part V

R eading

20

P art VII

R eading

40

T O T A L Q uestions

T O T A L Tim e

2 0 0 qu estions

120 m inutes

100 questions

60 m inutes

Where Can I Take the TOEIC Bridge Test?

C ontact th e T O E IC re presen ta tive in yo u r co u n try to see if the te st is offere d ne a r you. T h e list of re p￾resen ta tive s follow s this section.

Who Takes the TOEIC Bridge Test?

T he T O E IC B ridge te st w as d e signed fo r be ginning and interm ed ia te level stud e nts of E nglish. T he test

can be take n by any student w ho w an ts to m easure his o r her level of E nglish proficiency. T he usual

test-taker is still in school a nd stud ying English.