Applied Clay Mineralogy Phần 4 pdf

grade flint clays occur in the Olive Hill District in Kentucky (Patterson and

Hosterman, 1963); in the Oak Hill District in Ohio (Stout et al., 1923); and

in the Somerset District in Pennsylvania (Hosterman et al., 1968). High

grade flint clays are found in Missouri in the Ozark region (Keller et al.,

1954). The locations of these flint clay deposits in Kentucky and Missouri

are shown in Fig. 37.

Some fireclays in the western United States are Cretaceous in age and

are produced in Colorado. Refractory kaolin is produced in Georgia,

South Carolina, Alabama, and Idaho. Bauxitic kaolins are located near

Andersonville, Georgia and Eufaula, Alabama. Burley clays and dia￾spore clays are located in Missouri and western Pennsylvania.

3.2. Other Countries

Refractory clays are produced in many countries, including England,

Germany, France, Japan, Argentina, Australia, India, Italy, Mexico,

Czech Republic, China, Russia, Poland, and Hungary.

4. SMECTITES

Smectite minerals are the dominant component in bentonite, which is

a rock term. Many geologists early in the 20th century recognized that

bentonite originated from transported volcanic materials. Ross and Shan￾non (1926) defined bentonite as follows: ‘‘Bentonite is a rock composed

Fig. 37. Location of fireclay deposits including underclays and flint clays.

Chapter 3: Geology and Location of Major Industrial Clay Deposits 49