Api publ 2517 1989 scan (american petroleum institute)

Evaporative Loss From

External F:loating-Roof Tanks

API PUBLICATION 2517

THIRD EDITION, FEBRUARY 1989

American Petroleum InsCltute

1220 L Slreet,orthweSI

wa,",'gtoo. D.C. 2001lS lp

Evaporative Loss From

External Floating-Roof Tanks

Measurement Coordination, Departme'nt

API PUBLICATION 2517

THIRD EDITION, FEBRUARY 1989

Ame.rican

Petroleu m

rn,stitute

1)

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Copyright © 1989 Amlrrican P,l.troklum llis.titutol

FOREWORD

[n 1957, the API Evaporation Loss Committee initiated an extensive effort to

collect available petroleum industry data on evaporative losses from e·xte.rnal fioat￾i.ng-roof tanks. An intensive study was made of tb ese data and resulted in correlations

for estimating evaporative losses from external floating-roof tanks. These results

were publhhed in February 1962 as API Publication 2517.

By the rnid-197Os, a.s a result of tbe national energy crisis and increased concern for

the environmen t. additional emphasis was pJace<J on the lIeed to re(!uce evaporative

losses from petroleum storage tanks. Accordingly. Ln 1976 the API Committee on

Evaporation Los~ Measurement began a revie,w and analysis of the prior API work

and of more recent work performed by oil oomp'lnies. manufacturers. industry

groups, and regu.[atory agencies. rom. this analysis. an.d in view of the considerable

improvement.s that had been made in both the tecbMjOgy of floating-toof tank seals

and the lIlethods for measuring evaporative losses. tbe oommiuee recommended thaI

the evaporative-loss data be updated and combined with n.ew data obtained from an

extensive test program. API responded by sponsoring a broad program that iocluded

l<l.boratory. tesHank. and fie.Jd-tank studies. Flam ttlis intensi"e effort, the mecha￾nisms of evaporative loss were id.entifred. and the effects of the rel.evan I variab e~

were more precisely quantified. The results were publir.hed in February 1980 as the

second edition of APt Publication 2517.

The second edition of AP1 Publication 2517 dealt witb evaporative loss from the

floating-roof .rim se.al and the shell-Vl'etting loss from lowering tbe stock leve·l in

external floating-roof tanks .In 1984. as the result of ollier rt l!lled API test program~.

the Committee on Evaporation Loss Measurement believed that sufficient evidence

existed to warrant an additional test program to d£terrnine the magnitude of evapora￾tive losses from Hoating-roof fittings. A SlI.nIey of tant mallufacturers and owners was

conducted to establish the type and number of typical roof fittings used on tanks of

various diameters. From this survey and an API-sponsored test program performed

in 1984, methods were developed for caleul.ating tbe evaporative loss from the variolls

exlem.al floating-roof fittings. As a result, API Publication 2517 was updated with

this information, and I.his third edition was published.

This edition conlains the followi.ng information:

a. s«tion 2 c{)ntains the equations necessary for estimating the evaporative loss or

theequivalenl. atmospheric hydrocarbon emissions frolll the generallypesofextemal

floating-roof tankscurrentl available.

b. Section 3 describes current typical e:xlental floating-roof tanks, including types of

floating roofs, rim-seal systems, and roof fittings.

c. Sec:ti.on 4 discusses tbe mec.hanismsof evaporative loss and the deve!opmentofthe

loss oorre1a tion~.

TIl.e entire data base and the details of the data analysis are On file at APt This

third edit.ion supersedes all previous editions of API Publ.i<:ation 2517.

API publications may be used by anyone desirins to do so. Every effort bas been

made by the Institute to assure t.he accuracy and rdiability of the data contained i.n

them; howeyer, the Insti.lute makes .no repre entation, wananty, or guarantee in

connection with this publication and bereby expre sly dir.dairns any liability or

responsibility for loss or damage resulting from it lLs.e or for the violation of any

federal, state, Or municipal regulation. wi.th which tbis 1'\1 blic.atkm may conflict.

Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of tbe

Measllrerneot Coordination Department, American PetToleum lnstilute. 12.20 L

Str"OOt, N. W., Washington , D.C. 20005 .

API COMM'lTTEE ON EVAPORATION l OSS MEASUREMENT (11988)

Brian J. Le .. vi , hainnan

exaco Tr(lding & Tra 11 portation Inc.

Denver, Colorado

James K. " ralters, Secretary

American Petroleum Institute

Washington, D.C.

arne R. AI old

Cotonial Pipeli.lle Compan

Atlanta, Georgia

F. L. (Bill) Blumqui t

Petrex

Warren, Pen nsylv,mi a

J. Mike Braden

Pitt-Des Moines Inc.

Des Moines, Iowa

Michael Butcbello

Chevron Corporation

Richmond Caltfomia

Rob Ferry

Conservatek

Conroe, Texas

Richard E. Hills

Pi U - Des Moi.ll.es, loc.

PiUsburg/!, Pennsylvania

Ronald C. Kern

Ultraflote Corporation

Houston, Texas

Royce J. Laverrnafl

CB [ Industries, Inc.

Plainfield, !thnois

Robert W. Powell

E on Research & Engineering

Company

lorham Park, ew Jersey

Richard Rodaek

Mobil Research & Development

Company

Princeton, 'ew lersey

Ann M. Ruebu h

Chevron Rese arcll Co!pQratioll

Richmond, California

Ha)'den J. Silver

Te aco Jnc.

Beacon, ew ork

Paul C. Tra.nquill

BP America Inc.

Cleveland, Oll.io

Robert B. Wagoner

Matrix Se.rvice, Inc.

Tu lsa , Oklahoma

Wesley S. Watkins

WiIIi:uns Pipe Line CQlnpan}'

ul~a , Oklahoma

Eugene Wittner

SbeU OiJ Company

Houston , Texas

E1Ien H, Zam.pello

Conoco 11lc.

Houston , Texas

COORDINATING COMMITTEE

James R. ArnoJd

Colonial Pipeline ' ompany

Atlanta. Georgia

Brian J. Lewis

Te)(a.oo Tradi ng & 1i'an.>ponalion Inc.

Denver. Colorado

Wesley S. Watkins

William Pipe Line Company

Tulsa , Oklahoma

"ugene Wittner

SheJl Oil Company

Houstoll. Texas

STANDARD 251 7 (FITTINIGS) WORKING GROUP

James R. Arnold, Chajrman

Colonial Pipe line Company

Atlanta. Georgia

James K. Walters, Secreta.ry

American Petroleum lllsti tute

Was.hington, D .C.

J. Mike Braden

Pitt-Des Moine'. Inc.

Des Moines, Iowa

Rob Ferry

Conservatek

Conroe. Texas

Richard E. Hills

Pitt-Des Moines, Inc.

Piu:sburgh, Pennsyh·ania

Ronald C. Ke.rn

Ultraflote Corporation

Houston. Te .a

Royce J. Laverman

CD I III dustrie.~. J ne.

Plainfield , Iii no is

Brian J. Lewis

Texaco Trading & Tran portation Inc.

Denver, Colorado

Ric11ard Rodack

Mobil Research & Development

Company

Prillcetoll, New Jerse.

Robert L. Ru ell

Unocal

B rea, California.

We ley S. Wat kins

Williams Pipe Lille Company

Tulsa. Oklahoma

Ellen H . Zampello

Conoco Inc.

Houston I Texas