[123Doc] - Dap-An-Writing-Level3.Pdf

WRITING 3

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DUY TÂN

KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ

BỘ MÔN: ANH VĂN KHÔNG CHUYÊN

GIÁO TRÌNH

VIẾT 3

WRITING - Level 3

ĐàNẵng, năm 2013 LƯU HÀNH N ỘI BỘ

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Table of contents

Chapter 1: WRITING SENTENCES 2

Lesson 1: Adjective Clauses (Who, What, Which- as the Subject) 3

Lesson 2: Adjective Clauses 2 (Who, What, Which- as the Object) 9

Lesson 3: Adjective Clauses 3 (Whose + Quantity & Quality) 14

Lesson 4: Noun Clauses 19

Lesson 5: Passive Voice 25

Lesson 6: Reviews 31

Chapter 2: RESPONDING TO AN E-MAIL REQUEST LETTER 34

Lesson 7: Giving “How to” instructions (1) 35

Lesson 8: Giving “How to” instructions (2) 39

Lesson 9: Writing directions 43

Lesson 10: Inquiries 46

Lesson 11: Responding to inquiries 50

Chapter 3: WRITING AN OPINION ESSAY 54

Lesson 12: Writing general introductory sentences 55

Lesson 13: Writing a complete introductory paragraph 58

Lesson 14: Giving reasons and examples 60

Lesson 15: Developing key ideas by giving reasons and examples 63

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CHAPTER 1 WRITING SENTENCES

Lesson 1: Adjective Clauses 1

(Who, What, Which - as the Subject)

Lesson 2: Adjective Clauses 2

(Who, What, Which - as the Object)

Lesson 3: Adjective Clauses 3

(Whose + Quantity & Q uality)

Lesson 4: Noun Clauses

Lesson 5: Passive Voice

Lesson 6: Review

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LESSON 1: ADJECTIVE CLAUSES 1 (WHO, WHAT, WHICH- AS

THE SUBJECT)

A-LANGUAGE FOCUS

A relative pronoun can be the subject of its own clause.

 Subject Relative Pronouns: who, which, that

American football, which is the most popular sport In the UnitedStates, began at

HarvardUniversity.

In this pattern, who, which, and that can be either singular or plural. Make the verb agree with the

antecedent.

I have not read the magazine that is lying on the coffee table.

(The verb is lying is singular to agree with the singular antecedent magazine.) I

have not read the magazines that are lying on the coffee table.

{The verb are lying is plural to agree with the plural antecedent magazines.) 

Adjective clauses are either restrictive (necessary) or nonrestrictive (unnecessary).

Restrictive (necessary): no commas

The professor who teaches my biology class won a Nobel Prize two years ago.

Nonrestrictive (unnecessary): commas

Professor Jones, who teaches my biology class, won a Nobel Prize two years ago. The

following examples show you how to combine two sentences to make a new sentence

containing a subject pattern adjective clauses.

For People

Restrictive

who, that

People save time and energy. They use microwave ovens.

People who use microwave ovens save time and energy. People

that use microwave ovens save time and energy.

Nonrestrictive

Who

Microwave cooking is not popular with most professional chefs. Professional

chefs say that fast cooking does not allow flavors to blend.

Microwave cooking is not popular with most professional chefs, who say that

fast cooking does not allow flavors to blend.

For Animals and Things

Restrictive

That

Ovens are capable of cooking food quickly. They use microwave energy. Ovens

that use microwave energy are capable of cooking foods quickly.

Nonrestrictive

Which

An electron tube in the oven produces microwaves. Microwaves cook by

agitating the water molecules in food.

An electron tube in the oven produces microwaves, which cook by agitating

the water molecules in food.

- You may delete the relative pronoun and the be verb when:

1. they are followed by a prepositional phrase.

Ex1: The man who is in the house is my father.

The man in the house is my father.

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Ex2: The books that are on the desk are mine

The books on the desk are mine.

2. the main verb in the relative clause is progressive.

Ex1: The man who is swimming in the lake is my father.

The man swimming in the lake is my father.

Ex2: The books that are lying on the floor are mine.

The books lying on the floor are mine.

3. the main verb in tenses

Ex1: People who buy lottery tickets are often found at bingo.

People buying lottery tickets are often found at bingo.

Ex2: The bus which leaves at 6:03 was late today, so I caught the 6:08 one for downtown.

The bus leaving at 6:03 was late today.

B-LANGUAGE PRACTICE

1. Combine the two sentences. Add commas if necessary.

1) She loves books (the books have happy endings).

She loves books which/that have happy endings.

2) They live in a city (the city is in the north of England).

They live in a city which / that is in the north of England.

3) The man is in the garden (the man is wearing a blue jumper).

The man which/ that is wearing a blue jumper is in the garden

4) Anyone must have a logical mind. He or she wants to be a computer programmer

Anyone who wants to be a computer programmer must have a logical mind.

5) Foreigners also have difficulty with English spelling. English spelling is not always consistent

with its pronunciation. .

6) Foreigners also have difficulty with English spelling which /that is not always consistent with its

pronunciation. .

7) The fruit is on the table which The fruit isn’t fresh.

The fruit is on the table which isn’t fresh. ..

8) While he lectured, he showed us a slide. The slide diagrammed the double helix structure of DNA.

While he lectured, he showed us a slide that / which diagrammed the double helix structure of

DNA.

9) Words in English are often difficult for foreigners to pronounce. They begin with the consonants

Words in English that begin with the consonants are often difficult for foreigners to pronounce.

2. Reduce the relative clauses

1.The man who is standing there is a clown.

The man standing there is a clown

2.The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it.

The envelop lies on the table has no stamp on it.

3.Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of

many dyes, perfumes and explosives.

Benzene, discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes,

perfumes and explosives.

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